Basics
The passing of genetic material from parents to offspring.
What is heredity?
Allele that contributes to the phenotype if one or more are present in the genotype
What is dominant?
The different versions of a gene.
What are alleles?
used to predict the possible genotypes of offspring from known parental genotypes
What is a Punnett Square?
Organism with two dominant or two recessive alleles
What is homozygous?
Allele that contributes to the phenotype only when two copies of it are present
What is recessive
An organisms complete genetic material.
What is a genome?
Segments of DNA found in chromosomes that give instructions for producing a certain characteristic.
What are genes
organism with one dominant and one recessive allele
What is heterozygous?
Genetics or Environment (or a mixture of both)
What can lead to variation in a population?
Two copies of the SAME allele
What is homozygous?
Two parents contribute genetic information to produce unique offspring.
What is sexual reproduction?
How the genes are expressed as physical traits.
What is the phenotype?
Eye colour
PTC Tasting
Earlobe shape
Polydactyly
What are some inherited characteristics?
Short stretch of DNA that codes for a protein (or characteristic)
What is a gene?
Generates offspring that are genetically identical to a single parent
What is asexual reproduction?
Someone who is heterozygous for a recessive inherited disorder (like cystic fibrosis)
What is a carrier?
Homozygous recessive
What genotype must you have if you have a recessive disorder like cystic fibrosis?
A molecule in a cell that contains the genetic material.
What is DNA
Offspring that has the same genes as its parents
What is a clone