Church
What was the relationship between the Church and Education?
For many, the Church was the only path to an education.
How many Crusades were there?
3
Where did the Plague Originate from?
East Asia
Tithe
A tax that Christians were required to pay to the Church, equaling 10% of their income.
Who was the French woman who had fought for France and won many battles during the Hundred Years War?
Joan of Arc
How did the Church help people through daily life?
Church leaders ran schools and hospitals, recorded births and marriages, and performed burials.
What were the crusades fighting over?
The Holy Land (Jerusalem)
How did the Plague Spread?
Trade routes along the silk road, fleas carrying the virus attached to rats
Feudalism
The way medieval Europeans organized power and government; land was owned by kings or lords but held by vassals (knights) and given to peasants in return for loyalty, the more land you had, the more power you had
What does "Medieval Times" translate to?
Middle Ages
How did the Church hold so much power?
The Church was the largest landholder in Europe.
What type of people fought for the Christians?
Knights of the lords and untrained peasants
What Group was blamed for the spread?
The Jewish population
Mutual Obligation
The fundamental principle of feudalism where individuals at different levels of society owed specific duties to one another (such as a serf providing labor to a noble in exchange for protection).
How many people died to the Black Plague
25 million people or 1/3 of the population
What could happen if a King questioned the pope's decisions?
He would be excommunicated from the church
Who was Saladin?
A wise Muslim leader who defeated the Christians and was respected for his chivalry (respect to others) by the Christians
How did the Plague shape the economy AFTER it had ended?
there was a labor shortage. Survivors demanded higher wages, and peasants began to ask for their freedom, which helped end the feudal system.
Magna Carta
The "Great Charter" signed in 1215 that limited the king’s power over nobles, establishing that the king is not above the law
What was one new weapon created during the Middle ages that helped shape how wars would be fought?
The Longbow or the Cannon
Who was it that called for the Crusades to begin?
Pope Urban II
What was the end result of the Crusades?
Christians lost, but could visit holy land. nobles and kings lost a lot of money and men, began losing power as a result
How did the Plague impact the people's opinions on the Church?
People began to doubt the Church and its leaders when they could not stop the plague. This led to a decline in faith and a move toward scientific observations to explain the world
Code of Chivalry
A strict set of rules for knights requiring them to be loyal to their lord, courageous in battle, defenders of the church, and respectful toward women.
Why was the Hundred Years War Fought?
The English King claimed he had a right to also be the French king, England tries taking France.