Modern States
European Modern State - The Tsars (emperors) will be able to increase their power, control the nobility and conquer new territories.
Russia
Who were married in 1469?
Isabella and Ferdinand
The ________ was a trading route that connected Asia with Europe. Traders brought silk, species and other products from Asia.
Silk Road
The Castilian route was based on ________'s project.
Columbus’s
In 1513 he crossed the Isthmus of Panama and discovered a new ocean, the Pacific Ocean. In this way it was confirmed that America was a new continent.
Vasco Núñez de Balboa.
They created a _____________ where ambassadors could defend the interests of the Crown in foreign territories.
diplomatic service
The _________ that was a security force that imposed order in the rural areas.
Holy Brotherhood or Santa Hermandad
The spread of navigational tools such as the _____ (Greek and Arab origin), the quadrant, the compass (Chinese origin) and the rudder.
astrolabe
Columbus' expedition was formed by the three famous sailing ships:
Pinta, Niña, and Santa Maria
_________, who during 1520-1540 explored Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, Northern part of Mexico and the gulf of California. These territories will be annexed to the possessions of Charles I.
Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca,
European Modern State - The Tudor dynasty will reinforce its royal power.
England
In North Africa they conquered _______, Oran and Bougie. (1497, 1509 and 1510 respectively).
Melilla
There were two main kingdoms that concentrated the process of discoveries, ______ that will follow the African route and ______ that will follow the Atlantic and American route.
Portugal and Castile
__________, an Italian navigator, will prove that the discovered lands were in reality a new continent.
Amerigo Vespucci
Led the first expedition to La Florida in 1513.
Juan Ponce de León
They increased ________ in order to pay a modern army and central administration.
taxes
in 1492 they expelled the _____ if they didn’t convert to Christianity and in 1502 the expelled the _____ that didn’t convert to Christianity.
Jews and Muslims
Two phases of the Portuguese routes to reach India
African and Indian phases
In order to avoid problems in Castile and Portugal, they signed an international treaty called the _________ (1494) in which the Pope mediated between both crowns.
Treaty of Tordesillas
He was the first person that affirmed that the new discovered territories were in fact a new continent (1503). Because of this the new continent was named America in his honour.
Amerigo Vespucci
European Modern State - With the kingdom of the Catholic Monarch the Modern State will be established in Castile and Aragon.
Spain
They reorganised the ______ in order to increase their incomes.
Royal Treasury or Hacienda Real
Portugal exploited as a monopoly the trade of _____ and _____ in Europe.
silk and spices
In 1492, Columbus explored the nearby islands and _____ and _____.
Cuba and Haiti
They circumnavigated the Earth for the first time. The importance of this expedition is undeniable as it was the first voyage around the world, it demonstrated that the Earth was round.
Ferdinand Magellan and Sebastian Elcano