Motion
Force
How do forces affect motion?
How does gravity & friction affect motion?
Mix It Up
100
___________ is the location of an object in relation to a nearby object or place.
position
100
Which describes friction?
a. a unit that is a measure of speed
b. a force that works against gravity
c. a form of energy that depends on light and heat
d. a force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are touching
d. a force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are touching
100
Astronauts design an experiment to test the effect of force on an object. They know that one of the forces we experience on Earth is less on the moon. Which force are the astronauts testing?
a. acceleration
b. gravity
c. velocity
d. friction
b. gravity
100
Stacey is using toy cars to investigate speed. She is changing the length and shape of the track to see the effects on speed. What change could she make to the investigation to make a car go faster?
a. make the beginning of the track higher than the end
b. make the end of the track higher than the beginning
c. make the car as heavy as possible
d. make the track as rough as possible
a. make the beginning of the track higher than the end
100
Mrs. Volk designed an experiment to investigate forces and motion. The table shows the distances and times a ball rolled during her investigation. For each trial, the ball started from rest and a force caused it to move.
Analyze the data below. During which trial did the greatest force cause the ball to move?
trial #1
200
__________ is the measure of both the speed and direction of a moving object.
velocity
200
The speed of which of the following objects is affected by gravity?
a. a sailboat gliding across the water
b. a marble rolling along the ground
c. a rock falling off a high cliff
d. and airplane flying through the air
c. a rock falling off a high cliff
200
A bus driving on the road during the winter drives onto an icy spot and starts to slide. A decrease in which of the following causes the bus to slide?
a. gravity
b. thrust
c. acceleration
d. friction
d. friction
200
Travis designs an experiment to test the effect of force on the motion of a ball. He uses a rubber band wrapped around the leg of a chair to launch the ball. He discovers that the farther he pulls back with the rubber band, the faster the ball travels. Which conclusion should he draw?
a. Increasing the distance an object travels will increase its speed.
b. Increasing the weight of a moving object will increase its speed.
c. Increasing the friction on a moving object will increase its speed.
d. Increasing the force applied to a moving object will increase its speed.
d. Increasing the force applied to a moving object will increase its speed.
200
A spring scale measures force. What forces causes the reading on a spring scale?
a. gravity
b. friction
c. mass
d. weight
a. gravity
300
A push or pull, which causes movement or change in an object’s movement or shape is __________________
a force
300
Mrs. Gentil's class designed an experiment to test the effect of force on an object. Four students rolled a tennis ball across floors with different surfaces. Three used smooth surfaces. One student used a rough surface. They measured how far the balls rolled. The table shows the data they collected.
Analyze the data below. Which student rolled a tennis ball across a rough surface? How do you know?
Jorge.
He had the slowest speed.
300
Danielle pulled gently on a spring scale. The scale showed a force, but the block did not move. Why not?
a. The string between the spring scale and the block was not strong enough.
b. The force that she applied was balanced by another force.
c. The spring scale was broken, so there was no force when she pulled on it.
d. There was not enough friction for the block to move.
b. The force that she applied was balanced by another force.
300
A hot air balloon is floating in the air. A person riding in the balloon's basket throws a heavy bag of sand out of the basket. What effect will this have on the balloon?
a. decrease in lift
b. decrease in mass
c. increase in gravity
d. increase in friction
b. decrease in mass
300
Sam wants to test the effect of friction on an object. Which would be the best experiment for her to test this effect?
a. use a balance to find the mass of objects
b. use a pulley to lift several blocks
c. roll a toy car across different surfaces
d. drop a ball from different heights
c. roll a toy car across different surfaces
400
____________ is any change in velocity.
acceleration
400
_________ is the force of attraction between two objects.
a. friction
b. gravity
c. motion
d. balanced forces
b. gravity
400
Two race cars with the same mass started moving on a race track at the same time. One car reached the finish line of the track in 15 seconds, and the other reached the finish line in 20 seconds. Why did the cars take different amounts of time to reach the finish line?
a. The force of gravity slowed one car, but not the other car.
b. The forces on one car were balanced and on the other car they were unbalanced.
c. The engine of the faster car exerted more force than the engine of the slower car.
d. The slower car did not experience any force so it moved more slowly.
c. The engine of the faster car exerted more force than the engine of the slower car.
400
Which surface would probably offer the least friction if you were to slide a box across it??
a. glass
b. wood
c. carpet
d. brick
a. glass
400
Which of these is an example of a force being applied?
a. watching a movie
b. pushing a couch across the room
c. standing on a ladder
d. reading a magazine
b. pushing a couch across the room
500
Forces that cause a change in motion are ______________ ____________.
unbalanced forces
500
A car traveling down a road approaches a red light. The driver pushes the car's brakes and the car slows to a stop. What causes the car's speed to change?
a. an increase in friction
b. a decrease in friction
c. an increase in velocity
d. a decrease in velocity
a. an increase in friction
500
Charlie pulls his little brother in a wagon. Next, Charlie tries to pull his dad in the wagon. He cannot get the wagon moving.
Explain why this happens. Use the words force and mass in your answer.
Charlie's brother has less mass than his father. With his brother in the wagon, Charlie pulls with enough force to move the wagon. However, if he uses the same or even more force, it is not enough to move the wagon with his dad, who has much more mass than his brother.
500
A bobsled glides across the ice and gradually begins to slow down. Which force acts opposite to the bobsled's motion?
a. gravity
b. thrust
c. friction
d. weight
c. friction
500
Cars, bicycles, and animals can all be objects in motion. What is it about an object in motion that is constantly changing?
a. position
b. speed
c. acceleration
d. velocity
a. position