Colonial Violence
This system placed colonized people to work on plantations or infrastructure projects for little or no pay.
What is forced labor?
Corn and cassava were nicknamed these types of crops because they allowed communities to resist forced labor.
What are “lazy crops”?
This addictive product, grown in British-controlled India, caused widespread societal harm in China.
What is opium?
This term describes the use of naval power to pressure nations into trade agreements without direct conquest.
What is gunboat diplomacy?
This term describes the late 19th-century expansion of empires fueled by industrialization and nationalism.
What is New Imperialism?
Colonial officials justified harsh punishments by citing this persistent challenge to their rule.
What is resistance from colonized populations?
Laotian villagers resisted French rule by pretending to do this while secretly acting in their own interests.
What is collaborating with French officials while secretly following Laotian interests?
The Treaty of Nanjing ceded this island to Britain and opened five ports for trade.
What is Hong Kong?
These two transportation technologies helped empires move goods and control distant territories.
What are railroads and steamships?
This conference divided Africa among European powers without consulting its inhabitants.
What is the Berlin Conference?
Henry Morton Stanley used this type of ammunition, considered unethical in Europe, during his expeditions in Africa.
What are explosive bullets?
This Vietnamese city’s rat extermination program backfired when locals clipped rats’ tails and released them to breed.
What is Hanoi?
British warships like the Nemesis defeated Chinese forces using this type of steam-powered warfare.
What is steam-powered naval warfare?
Imperial governments taxed local populations, forcing them to work in these industries to pay their dues.
What are plantations or mines?
Industrial powers sought colonies to secure these two economic resources for their factories.
What are raw materials and markets?
This large infrastructure project in French-ruled Africa caused the deaths of tens of thousands of forced laborers.
What is the Congo-Ocean Railway?
Javanese aristocrat Raden Mas Adipati Brotodiningrat protested Dutch rule by stealing this symbolic item.
What is a curtain?
This major internal rebellion during the Opium Wars resulted in over 20 million deaths.
What is the Taiping Rebellion?
This system of colonial governance used local leaders to rule on behalf of imperial powers.
What is indirect rule?
By 1914, these were the only two independent African nations not colonized by European powers.
What are Ethiopia and Liberia?
This Belgian king exploited the Congo, causing the deaths of millions for profit.
Who is King Leopold II?
This plant, also known as yuca, was crucial to Southeast Asian resistance against colonial oppression.
What is cassava?
Commissioner Lin Zexu wrote a famous letter threatening to ban these three Chinese exports vital to British trade.
What are rhubarb, silk, and tea?
This term describes how scientists gathered knowledge about colonies to benefit imperial expansion.
What is espionage or scientific exploration?
This ideology justified New Imperialism by claiming it was the duty of empires to “civilize” colonized peoples.
What is the “civilizing mission” or the belief in racial superiority?