Vocabulary
Define "realism" in respect to the Renaissance
An artistic technique that makes the subjects and background look like they would in real life.
The English Monarch is the head of which church / faith?
Anglican Church / Anglicanism
Who was Martin Luther?
A german monk who challenged the Roman Catholic Church.
What is a Renaissance person?
A person who is very skilled in/has mastered many different fields including those that show creativity.
What is a protestant? How did this term come from the Reformation?
Someone who protests the Catholic Church. The Reformation was a period of people protesting the Catholic Church.
Define "patron"
Someone who financially supports a person or a cause (i.e. the arts).
In what religion do priests and various church officials interpret the Bible for their believers & tell their believers how to satisfy God & receive salvation?
Did Luther unify or divide the Roman Catholic Church? Explain.
Divide; people were encouraged to interpret christianity for themselves thus more religious sects formed.
How was the Renaissance a "rebirth"? (the term Renaissance translated ro rebirth)
It was a rebirth of culture and knowledge from ancient Greece and Rome.
What does the concept of Predestination say?
God knows who will be saved even before people are born.
Define "vernacular"
The language spoken by the common people of a particular region.
Which religion prompted the Reformation after their leader challenged the church and encouraged people to read and interpret the Bible for themselves?
Lutheranism
What is an indulgence and what did Luther think of them?
A payment to the church that a person could make to pardon them for sins they had committed. He believed they held no value and the church only sold them to support their extravagant and secular lifestyle.
What was the Gutenberg printing press? What did it encourage?
A moveable type printing press. It encouraged literacy by making information more available and easy to obtain.
Why did King Henry break from the Catholic church?
They wouldn't grant him an annulment so he could marry Anne Boleyn in hopes of producing a son.
Define "humanism"
An intellectual movement that focuses on human potential and achievements.
Once a person reaches adulthood, they may decide whether or not to be re-baptized in order to be a part of this religion.
Anabaptists
Did Martin Luther believe in doing good works (acts) to earn salvation? Why or why not?
No; he believed that you only needed to have faith in God in order to earn salvation. He pointed out the inconsistencies between these good works instructed by corrupt church officials and the written word of the Bible.
What are three features of Renaissance art? What are three features of art from the Middle Ages?
Renaissance: three dimension, brighter colors, brighter lighting, focusing on everyday life and people as well as religious subjects, realism, humanism, secularism.
Middle Ages: cartoonish, no dimension, darker colors, darker lighting, solely religious subjects.
What was a social cause of the Reformation?
Renaissance values of secularism and humanism led people to question the church; may accept another
Define "secularism"
Focusing on worldly pleasures & pursuits rather than spiritual (relating to the church).
Which religious sect believes in predestination?
Calvinism
Name 4 of 5 of Luther's solas (basic teachings).
Sola fide (faith), Sola Gratia (grace), Sola Scriptura (bible), Solo Christo (jesus), Soli Gloria (God)
Why were the Medici such a powerful Renaissance family?
They dominated the religious (Pope Leo), economic (merchants), political (politicians), and social (patrons of the arts) world.
What was a political cause of the reformation?
Powerful monarchs had their own power, challenging Church authority; may accept another