Vocab Terms
An agreement between individuals and their government about rights in society.
What is the/a social contract?
James I of England struggled with Parliament because he believed in this idea.
What is the divine right of kings?
Both Thomas Hobbes and John Locke believed in...
He came up with the Universal Law of Gravitation, Laws of Motion, and calculus.
Who is Isaac Newton?
This Enlightenment thinker is often called the “Father of Economics”.
Who is Adam Smith?
The belief that the ruler gets his/her power from God and not their subjects.
What is the divine right of kings?
This group supported Charles I during the English Civil War. Also the name a team in the NBA's Eastern Conference.
Who are the Cavaliers?
He supported absolute monarchs in Europe.
Who is Hobbes?
He is credited with creating and proving the heliocentric model of the solar system.
Who is Nicolaus Copernicus?
This Enlightenment figure wrote Discourse on the Origins of the Inequality of Mankind and The Social Contract.
Who is Rousseau?
The rights to life, liberty, and property
What are natural rights?
This group supported Parliament and was led by Oliver Cromwell.
Who are the Roundheads?
His arguments were used in the 18th Century to support demands for constitutional government.
Who is Locke?
This man formulated the three fundamental Laws of Planetary Motion, and also did a lot of work with the human eye and optics.
Who is Johannes Kepler?
This Enlightenment figure wrote A Vindication of the Rights of Women and claimed women should have equal rights.
Who is Mary Wollstonecraft?
A principle of government, branches limit and control each other through a system of checks and balances.
What is separation of powers?
This couple ended the reign of absolute monarchs in England. They turned England's government into a Constitutional Monarchy.
Who are William and Mary?
He believed people are inherently savages, and can’t be trusted in decision making as a group.
Who is Hobbes?
He was the "father of empiricism" and an advocate of the scientific method as a process of gathering information and conducting experiments.
Who is Francis Bacon?
This idea of Montesquieu has been incorporated into the US Constitution.
What is separation of powers?
The concept that the state should not impose government regulations but should leave the economy alone.
What is laissez-faire?
This document ended absolutism in England and formed their government into a Constitutional Monarchy in 1689.
What is the English Bill of Rights?
Locke believed every person had the right to these three natural rights.
What is life, liberty, and owning property.
Famous for his philosophical statement, "I think, therefore I am". He supported rationalism, which meant knowledge comes from reason.
Who is Rene Descartes?
This Enlightenment thinker curated Encyclopedia and spread enlightenment ideas around the world.