Manifest Destiny
• 100 Points: In the 1840s, a newspaper editor argues that it is the "obvious fate" of Americans to settle all the way to the Pacific Ocean because they are bringing civilization to the wilderness. Who did people like this think gave America the right and duty to expand west?
God, divine being, divine right, heaven
• 100 Points: In 1849, thousands of people abandoned their eastern farms and businesses to scramble toward a new state in the west after hearing rumors that people could find quick wealth in the mines and "strike it rich" - what title is given to these people?
Forty-Niners
• 100 Points: The modern American cowboy image was deeply influenced by the clothes, traditions, and skills of this Mexican role.
Vaquero
• 100 Points: This 1820 law attempted to balance power by entering Maine as a free state and Missouri as a slave state while banning slavery north of a specific geographical line.
Missouri Compromise
• 100 Points: An Irish family decides to leave Ireland to move to the United States. Since they are exiting their country, they are considered what?
Emigrants
• 200 Points: This 1846 a conflict began after a dispute broke out between American and Mexican troops in a "disputed zone" between the Nueces River and the Rio Grande. What land did this battle occur in/about?
Texas
• 200 Points: Following a major silver or gold discovery, a quiet canyon could be transformed into a bustling city of 10,000 people with hotels and shops in just a few months. These areas were called
Boomtowns
• 200 Points: This technique allowed crops to grow in areas with little rainfall by using a system of canals and ditches to bring river water directly to the fields
Irrigation
• 200 Points: To encourage westward settlement, this 1840 law allowed pioneers to buy land cheaply before it was officially sold by the government.
Preemption Act
• 200 Points: This is the general term for a settler who moved west to establish a new life with their family, often traveling in a "prairie schooner" and facing hunger and disease
Pioneer
• 300 Points: This 1848 agreement officially ended the war with Mexico and granted the United States a massive amount of territory. What was the name of this peace deal, and what region of land did it give to the United States (geographically/directionally)
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, Southwest
• 300 Points: Completed in 1869, this massive infrastructure project meant that travel that once took six months by wagon from the east to west could now be done in less than a week with much less danger thanks to steam engine trains. This construction project is known as what?
Transcontinental Railroad
• 300 Points: In the hot, dry Southwest where wood was scarce, settlers used this building style consisting of sun-dried clay and straw bricks to stay cool
Adobe
• 300 Points: This controversial 1850 law required citizens in free states to assist in capturing and returning escaped enslaved people to their enslavers
Fugitive Slave Act
• 300 Points: How did Americans search for gold in the west?
Mining / panning
• 400 Points: This is the specific law made land incredible cheap in 1840... and in 1862 a new act was released from Congress that agreed to give away 160 acres of land FOR FREE. What were these two? (half points for each)
Preemption Act, Homestead Act
• 400 Points: These explorers of the 1820s lived in the high or steep regions trapping beavers and other animal for their fur. What else did these people do that help later pioneers travel through this area?
Created trails or maps
• 400 Points: What type of work would be done on a 50,000-acre estate used entirely for raising large herds of sheep, livestock, or cattle... and who were hired to make sure the animals stayed herded together? (half points for each)
Ranching, cowboys
• 400 Points: As part of this set of laws meant to ease North-South tensions by replacing the Missouri Compromise, and California was admitted as a free state while slavery remained allowed in other western territories.
Compromise of 1850
• 400 Points: Chinese immigrants faced poor treatment and discrimination even though they helped build the transcontinental railroad. What method did they use to do the construction of the railroad through the Rocky Mountains?
Dynamite/TNT to build Tunnels
• 500 Points: In John Gast’s painting of Manifest Destiny called American Progress, there are two things being carried by the central floating figure: A school book and a telegraph line... what do these two objects symbolize or imply America was bringing to the west?
Knowledge/education, technology/advancements
• 500 Points: These pioneers or settlers spread their beliefs and religion to the west by building churches, schools, and religious communities as they moved west. Who were these people called, and what religion did they bring to the west? (all or nothing)
Missionaries, Christianity
• 500 Points: This term refers to a person of Mexican descent living in a state that was annexed by the US who maintained their cultural heritage even after the territory became a U.S. state. What is this person called, and what state?
Tejano, Texas
500 Points: This law was an upgrade from the 1840 Act that made land cheap for Pioneers. It was passed in 1862 and guaranteed 160 acres of land for free, as long as they agreed to do something as a requirement. What was this law, and what was the deal that came with it? (all or nothing)
Homestead Act, farm the land for at least 5 years
• 500 Points: In John Gast's painting of Manifest Destiny called American Progress, there is clearly imagery showing the difference between the left side and the right side of the painting. How did Gast depict the sides differently, and which direction is the left side of the painting?
Development, Left is west