Imperialism Ideologies
This English writer's poem, The White Man's Burden, justified European colonization by portraying it as a duty to civilize other races.
Who is Rudyard Kipling?
Following the Franco-Prussian War, this country expanded its colonial empire as a way to regain national pride.
What is France?
These were the two main economic reasons for European imperialism in the 19th century, as colonial powers sought both raw materials and new markets for their goods.
What are acquiring raw materials and finding markets for manufactured goods?
European imperialists often felt justified in colonizing because they believed their culture and religion were superior to those of the colonized peoples. This religious group was particularly involved in missionary work.
What are Protestant missionaries?
This conference, held in 1884-1885, set up the rules for European powers to partition and colonize Africa.
What is the Berlin Conference?
This pseudoscientific theory, adapted from Charles Darwin’s ideas, justified imperialism by claiming that European powers were biologically superior.
What is Social Darwinism?
The British Empire expanded into this region, gradually taking control of the entire Indian subcontinent by 1857.
What is South Asia (or India)?
This British company was granted a royal charter in 1600 to monopolize trade with India and became a major agent of British imperialism there.
What is the East India Company?
These people, who studied skull shapes and sizes, falsely claimed that nonwhite races were intellectually inferior, further justifying imperialism.
Who are phrenologists?
In this war, Japan's victory over China established its nationalist pride and helped it expand its empire into Korea and Taiwan.
What is the Sino Japanese War?
Missionaries often justified their presence in colonies by claiming to help in this area, in addition to religious conversion.
What is providing education and medical care?
This newly unified state in the late 19th century sought colonies not only for economic reasons but also for prestige, starting in the mid 1880s.
What is Germany?
This Dutch company, created in 1602, had a monopoly on trade between the Cape of Good Hope and the Straits of Magellan and played a key role in Dutch imperialism.
What is the Dutch East India Company?
This Scottish missionary is best known for his efforts to end the illegal slave trade in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Who is David Livingstone?
This term refers to the new phase of imperialism following the Industrial Revolution, marked by intense competition among European powers to control resources and territories.
What is the "New Imperialism"?
This belief held by many European imperialists suggested that colonizing non-Western societies would "civilize" them by introducing European culture and institutions.
What is the "civilizing mission"?
This country, while diminished by the 19th century, still maintained some presence in colonial territories, though it did not play a dominant role in the second wave of imperialism.
What is Spain?
This region was a primary source of raw materials like cotton, jute, and tea for European imperial powers during the 19th century.
What is India?
This attitude, associated with many Western imperialists, was used to justify the domination of "inferior" races based on a belief in European biological superiority.
What is racism?
The "civilizing" justifications of imperialism were often used to mask these more pragmatic goals of empire building.
What are political and economic dominance?
This idea, used by European powers, emphasized the superiority of the "Anglo Saxon" race, as articulated by Josiah Strong in 1885.
What is Anglo Saxonism?
Japan asserted its nationalist pride by gaining control of this country after its victory in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895.
What is Korea?
As European industrial economies grew, this became a critical factor driving imperial expansion into Africa and Asia.
What is the demand for cheap labor and resources?
This "civilizing" mission often combined religious instruction with secular education, medical care, and the spreading of European customs.
What is the mission of Western missionaries in colonies?
The General Act of this conference (1885) outlined European claims over African territories while promoting trade and "civilization" for native populations.
What is the Berlin Conference?