Genetics vocab
Heterozygous meaning
An organism that has two different alleles for a trait (ex: Tt or RW)
decide if the following combinations are Homozygous Dominant, Heterozygous, or Homozygous recessive:
1. AA 2. Kk 3. oo
1. Homozygous dominant 2. Heterozygous 3. Heterozygous
What is the main goal of the Human Genome Project?
Identify the location and sequence of genes on chromosomes.
What is a disadvantage of cloning?
An embryo is destroyed.
Translate into mRNA:
DNA: TAC GCA TTG AAC GAT
mRNA: UAC GCA UUC AAC GAU
What does incomplete dominance mean?
inheritance pattern where the heterozygous phenotype is a blend of both traits.
Which type of field might find gene therapy useful?
Medical field.
What is the first step in making Transgenic organisms?
use a restriction enzyme.
What happens during cytokinesis?
cell splits in the cytoplasm in two.
What is an allele?
A version of a gene.
Which type of diseases has been treated successfully with the gene therapy method?
SID patients have been helped for over 10 years.
During Gel Electrophoresis, what pulls the DNA(-) towards the positive electrode?
Electricity.
Define restriction enzymes
Enzymes that cut DNA at a specific sequence of nucleotides.
What is a dihybrid cross?
A cross between two organisms in which two traits are being considered.
What is GMO?
Genetically modified foods
Once the DNA strands are cut by restriction enzymes, what aspect of the segments are compared during gel electrophoresis?
DNA fragments
What organelle does respiration take place in?
Mitochondria.
Homozygous meaning
Having two identical alleles for a particular gene (ex: TT or tt)
What are DNA Fingerprints used for?
- Crime scenes - Paternity testing - Identifying and cataloging
In recombinant DNA technology where is the plasmid taken out of?
A Bacterium.
How many types of stem cells are there?
Two types:
- Adult stem cells
- Embryonic stem cells