Wartime Developments / Political Changes
This conflict, fought between 1853 and 1856, pitted Russia against an alliance of France, Great Britain, and the Ottoman Empire and had far-reaching political and military consequences.
What is the Crimean War?
This concept, which emphasized the importance of a shared cultural and linguistic identity, was a major force in Europe during the 19th century and led to the formation of several new nation-states.
What is nationalism?
Marx's work, highlighted violent worker's revolutions to drastically change society to become more equal.
What is The Communist Manifesto ?
Followed Napoleonic Wars, reshaped Europe and defined new borders. Established the Concert of Europe to maintain balance of power. It also let conservative powers reinforce monarchy as a method of government.
What is the Congress of Vienna?
British social reformer, pushed for public health improvements and sanitation. Brought initial public health reform to Britain.
Who is Edwin Chadwick?
This system of government, established in Austria in 1867, meant that the emperor of Austria also served as king of Hungary.
What is Austria's dual monarchy?
This term refers to a practical, realistic approach to politics that prioritizes national interest over ideology or morality.
What is Realpolitik?
This artistic and literary movement, which emphasized emotion, imagination, and nature, was a reaction against the rationalism of the Enlightenment and a major cultural force in Europe during the early 19th century.
What is romanticism?
This alliance, formed in 1815 by Austria, Prussia, Russia, and Great Britain, was intended to maintain the balance of power in Europe following the Napoleonic Wars.
What is the quadruple alliance?
This Prussian statesman, who served as Chancellor from 1862 to 1890, was responsible for the unification of Germany and the establishment of the German Empire.
Who is Otto van Bismarck?
This political ideology, which sought to maintain traditional institutions and social hierarchies, was challenged by the forces of liberalism and nationalism during the 19th century.
What is conservatism?
This mid-19th century movement in Britain sought to expand suffrage and political rights for the working class through demands such as universal male suffrage, secret ballots, and annual parliamentary elections.
What is the Chartist Movement?
This artistic and literary movement, which emphasized the objective depiction of reality, emerged in Europe in the mid-19th century as a reaction against romanticism.
What is realism?
This loose association of German states, established in 1815, was dominated by Austria and became increasingly conservative and resistant to change during the 19th century.
What is the German Confederation?
This nephew of Napoleon Bonaparte was elected president of France in 1848 and later declared himself emperor, ruling until 1870.
Who is Louis Napoleon?
This political party, founded in 1863, was the first socialist party in Germany and played a major role in the development of the socialist movement in Europe.
What is the German Socialist Democratic Party?
This term refers to the awareness of one's social and economic class and the desire to improve one's condition, which became increasingly important in Europe during the 19th century.
What is class consciousness?
This customs union, established in Germany in 1834, facilitated trade and economic integration among German states and played a key role in the unification of Germany.
What is the Zollverein?
This alliance, formed in 1815 by Austria, Prussia, and Russia, was intended to preserve the status quo in Europe and suppress revolutionary movements.
What is the Holy Alliance?
This French politician, a leading figure in the socialist movement, advocated for the establishment of worker-owned cooperatives and other forms of economic democracy.
Who is Louis Blanc?
This political party, founded in Britain in 1900, represented the interests of the working class and advocated for social and economic reform.
What is the British Labour Party?
This event, which took place in Manchester in 1819, saw the British army attack a peaceful demonstration of workers demanding political reform.
What is the Battle of Peterloo or the Peterloo Massacre?
This political philosophy, developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, called for the overthrow of capitalism and the establishment of a classless society.
What is Marxism?
This conference, held in Berlin in 1884-85, established the rules for the partition of Africa among European powers
What is the Berlin Conference?
These two British politicians, one conservative and one liberal, were rivals who vied for control of the party and the British government in the late 19th century.
Who are Benjamin Disraeli and William Gladstone?