Theories
What is the Dependency Theory?
Dependency theory explains how poor countries depend on rich countries.
what is the Primary sector?
This sector involves activities that directly extract raw materials from the earth, such as agriculture (farming), fishing, forestry, and mining.
What happens in the first stage of the Demographic transition model?
High Birth and Death rate. Limited access to healthcare, poor sanitation, and high infant mortality contribute to high death rates.
What is industrialization?
the development of industries in a country or region on a wide scale.
What is wallerstein's theory?
Wallerstein's world systems theory claims that rich core capitalist societies succeed by exploiting poorer peripheral ones
This sector focuses on processing and manufacturing raw materials into finished goods, including activities like manufacturing, construction, and energy production.
What happens in the second stage of the Demographic transition model?
High birth rate while death rates beginning to decline. Advancements in medicine, improved food production, and better living conditions contribute to the decline in death rates
What is economies of scales?
Economies of scale occur when a company's average cost per unit decreases as production increases.
What are the modes of transport?
road, rail, water, and air transport, as well as pipelines
What is Dependency Theory?
It was an alternative theory to Rostow's Theory
What is the Tertiary Sector?
This sector is characterized by providing services to businesses and consumers, encompassing activities like retail, transportation, finance, education, healthcare, and hospitality.
What happens in the third stage of the demographic transition model?
Birth rates beginning to decline. Economic development, urbanization, and increased female participation in the workforce contribute to declining birth rates.
What is Deglomeration?
Breaking up of industry
Excessive replication of services, multiple firms in one area and high bid rent prices can lead to it
What is the NAFTA?
The North American Free Trade Agreement.
What are four of the 5 stages in Rostow stages of development?
Stage 1: Traditional Society, Stage 2: Preconditions of takeoff, Stage 3: Takeoff, Stage 4: Drive to maturity, Stage 5: High Mass Consumption
This sector focuses on knowledge-based activities, including research and development, information technology, consulting, and education.
What happens in the fourth stage in the demographic transition model?
High levels of education, access to healthcare, and strong economies contribute to low birth and death rates.
What is Agglomeration?
The spatial process of clustering by commercial enterprises for mutual advantages and benefit
What is Bulk Gaining/Reducing?
"bulk-gaining" refers to industries where the final product weighs more than the raw materials, while "bulk-reducing" industries produce lighter finished goods than their inputs, influencing location decisions to minimize transportation costs.
Define Weber's cost theory.
Industry is situated within the area where the costs of transporting raw materials and the final output are minimal.
This sector is characterized by providing services to businesses and consumers, encompassing activities like retail, transportation, finance, education, healthcare, and hospitality.
Tertiary Sector
In the demographic transistion model what is one country that is stage 4.
Andorra, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Bahrain, Barbados, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Montenegro, New Zealand, Norway, Papua New Guinea, Serbia, Seychelles, Singapore, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States
What is Deindustrialization?
What is the decline of industrial activity, specifically manufacturing, in a country or region, resulting in a shift towards a service-based economy.