Industrial Revolutions
This Industrial Revolution focused on development of electronics, information systems, and automation of production.
What is the Third Industrial Revolution?
The total value of the goods and services produced by a country's citizens and companies within the country in a given year.
What is Gross Domestic Product? (GDP)
Associated with extraction of natural resources from the earth.
What is the primary sector?
Walter Rostow's theory on countries all developing by the same path and all reaching the same point.
What is stages of economic growth model?
Alfred Weber designed theory to explain where manufacturing facilities in the secondary economic sector located.
What is least-cost theory?
This Industrial Revolution was powered by electricity and the internal combustion engine and also saw the development of chemicals.
What is the Second Industrial Revolution?
Economy outside of government monitoring, regulation, and taxation.
What is the informal sector?
Involves converting raw materials into finished products.
What is the secondary sector?
Theory that groups countries as core, semi-periphery, or periphery countries.
What is world system theory?
Industries in which raw materials cost more to transport than finished goods.
What are bulk-reducing industries?
When members of families worked together to produce goods in their homes.
What are cottage industries?
Calculates inequality based on reproductive health, empowerment, and labor-market participation.
What is the Gender Inequality Index? (GII)
Peripheral and semi-peripheral countries that have two distinct divisions of economic activity across economic Sectors with a high level of primary sector workers while also a more market-based economic sector with a high proportion of secondary sector jobs.
What are dual economies?
When more than 60 percent of a country's exports and economic health are tied to one or two resources such as oil or timber.
What is commodity dependence?
Advantages for companies in the same industry in locating near each other to take advantage of specialized labor, materials, and services.
What is agglomeration?
Country that was the center of the first industrial revolution.
What is England?
(UK or Britain)
Includes women's options and access to participate fully in the social and economic spheres of a society.
What is women's empowerment?
Economies characterized by very little primary sector employment and a great deal of service sector tertiary employment.
What are postindustrial economies?
Describes the development challenges and limitations faced by poorer countries and the political and economic relationships poorer countries have with richer countries.
What is dependency theory?
A collection of manufacturing facilities typically located in suburbs near highways to facilitate movement of raw materials and finished products.
What are industrial parks?
Factories during the Second Industrial Revolution were often located near deposits of these materials.
What are coal and iron ore?
Will accept one of the two.
This measure developed by the UN looks at life expectancy at birth, access to education, and Gross National Income per capita.
What is the Human Development Index?
Employment sector that requires the highest levels of education and involves leadership in government, science, healthcare, etc.
What is the quinary sector?
Countries that are often characterized by unstable governments, exportation of natural resources, less wealth, and lower levels of education.
What are periphery countries?
Locations where it is more economical to break raw materials into smaller units before shipping them farther.
What are break-of-bulk points?