Impact of adding & removing heat from the system
Heat Flow
Law of Conversation of Energy
Scientific Investigations
Mystery
100
What labels should be added to all of the solid black arrows in the illustration below?
Heat added
100
Mario takes a cold can of soda out of a refrigerator. He sets the cold can on a table in the room and leaves it there for a few hours. Describe what will occur.
Heat from the air will move into the soda can until both reach the same temperature.
100
Amber likes riding her bicycle through her neighborhood where there are lots of hills. She rides down a very steep hill, and then goes up a small hill. She doesn't need to pedal as her bicycle carries her up the small hill. How do Amber's kinetic energy and potential energy change as she goes uphill?
Her kinetic energy decreases and her potential energy increases.
100
A chemist measures the temperature at which a particular liquid boils. She makes the measurement a second time.
Is this an example of repetition or replication? Why?
Repetition because repetition refers to conducting multiple trials of the same experiment [by the same researcher/scientist].
100
A Chef in a very busy restaurant is trying to cook food as quickly as possible. He decides to switch to using a pan made of copper instead of a pan made of aluminum. Given the information in the chart below, why would the Chef have made this decision?
The copper pot would heat faster because it has a lower specific heat value.
200
Miss Butalia was cooking pasta for dinner and noticed that water drops were forming on the lid of the pot of boiling water. She knows that water turns to steam at 100 degrees Celsius. How is it possible that the water drops formed on the lid when the temperature of the water was so hot?
The lid of the pot is cooler than the boiling water, so the steam turned back into a liquid.
200
If two of these objects are placed together in a container so the objects are touching, which of these scenarios correctly describes how heat could flow between the objects?
- Heat will flow from Object 1 to Object 3.
- Heat will flow from Object 1 to Object 4.
- Heat will flow from Object 2 to Object 4.
- Heat will flow from Object 2 to Object 3.
D. Heat will flow from Object 2 to Object 3.
200
How does the Law of Conservation of Energy apply to the changes in potential and kinetic energy of a pencil as it falls to the floor?
Potential energy is converted into kinetic energy
200
During a visit to their local park, two students guessed that park visitors are more likely to throw their trash on the ground in the summer than in the fall.
To test this theory,
-Maxey visits the park every Saturday during the months of June and October and counts the pieces of trash in front of the park’s clubhouse.
-Juan visits the park once in the summer and once in the fall.
-During each visit, Juan sits on a park bench for four hours and counts the number of times park visitors throw trash on the ground.
Based on this information alone, which of the following statements is true?
- The students have different hypotheses.
- The students are testing a scientific theory.
- The students collected different types of qualitative data.
- The students used different methods to make their scientific observations.
D. The students used different methods to make their scientific observations.
200
Mackenzie investigates how the volume of gas inside a balloon changes as the temperature of the gas changes. She takes an inflated, sealed balloon from a freezer and uses a string and a meter stick to measure the balloon’s circumference. She moves it to a sunny window for 15 minutes. Then she measures the circumference with a tape measure. She records these measurements in a data table. Mackenzie realizes that she made a mistake in her procedure. Which claim describes what was wrong with her procedure?
- Data should not be recorded directly into a data table
- She measured circumference using two methods
- She conducts the experiment by herself
- She changed the amount of gas in the balloon
B. She measured circumference using two methods
300
Vaporization occurs when water changes state into a gas, or vapor. This process is also called boiling, or evaporation. Which of the following processes could cause water to vaporize?
- the pressure is increased
- the volume of water is increased
- heat is added
- heat is removed
C. heat is added
300
Grey heated a cup of cocoa in the microwave. When she removed it from the microwave, the cocoa was too hot to drink, so she left it on the counter. Grey forgot about the cocoa for two hours. When she remembered it, she found that the cocoa was the same temperature as the room. How did the cocoa become room temperature?
The heat from the cocoa was transferred to the cup and to the air in the room.
300
A student picks up a ball that is attached to a rope. Holding one end of the rope, the student swings the ball over her head in a circular motion. The student then lets go of the rope, and the ball moves in a forward motion until it hits the ground. The ball rolls forward on the ground for about a meter, and then it comes to a complete stop. When does the ball have potential energy?
Just before the student swings the ball
300
Students conducted several investigations this year. The following statements were taken from the procedures that they used. What investigation is the best example of replication?
Investigation 4 [because replication is when scientists conduct the same experiment to see if they can achieve similar results].
300
The graph below shows the temperature of water as it is heated from ice (—10°C) to steam (100°C). Describe what happens as the water is heated.
The number of particles stays the same, the energy of the water increases, and the temperature increases.