Reconstruction Plans
Abraham Lincoln’s plan that allowed a Southern state to form a new government once a small percentage of voters swore loyalty and ended slavery.
What is the 10% plan?
This amendment officially ended slavery throughout the United States, except as punishment for a crime.
What is the 13th Amendment?
These Northern newcomers were accused by Southerners of rushing South after the war to profit from Reconstruction and gain political power.
What are Carpetbaggers?
Southern laws with this name tried to control freedmen and keep them as a cheap, plantation labor force.
What are Black Codes?
This period from 1865 to 1877 focused on bringing the former Confederate states back and addressing the legacy of slavery.
What is Reconstruction?
This group in Congress thought Lincoln was too easy on the South and wanted a tougher approach to punish former Confederates.
Who were the Radical Republicans?
This amendment granted citizenship to everyone born in the United States and promised “equal protection of the laws.”
What is the 14th Amendment?
Born in North Carolina and a former Union army chaplain, he became the first African American U.S. Senator in 1870.
Who was Hiram Revels?
In this farming system, Black laborers worked white-owned land for a portion of the crop, often ending up in a cycle of debt.
What is Sharecropping?
This presidential race between Samuel J. Tilden and Rutherford B. Hayes became one of the most disputed elections in U.S. history.
What is the Election of 1876?
This bill, vetoed by Lincoln, demanded that half of a state’s voters swear loyalty and blocked many ex-Confederates from political power.
What is the Wade Davis Bill?
This group was excluded from the amendment that granted citizenship to anyone born in America.
Who were the Native Americans?
This insulting label was used for white Southerners who sided with the Republican Party and supported Reconstruction.
Who were Scalawags?
This federal agency tried to secure fair labor contracts, provide education, and support freed people’s transition to freedom.
What is the Freedmen's Bureau?
This political deal gave Hayes the presidency in exchange for removing federal troops from the South.
What is the Compromise of 1877?
This president’s lenient Reconstruction approach gave white Southerners a “free hand” and led to major conflict with Radical Republicans.
Who was Andrew Johnson?
This amendment said that male citizens could not be denied the right to vote because of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
What is the 15th Amendment?
This agency helped freed people and poor whites with food, housing, medical care, schools, and legal assistance, but lacked money and staff.
Who was the Freedmen's Bureau?
Tools like literacy tests and poll taxes were used to block Black citizens from doing this basic democratic act.
What is voting or the right to vote?
These Southern, white Democrats proudly called themselves this when they returned to power and rolled back many gains of Reconstruction.
Who were Redeemers?
This 1867 law divided the South into military districts and required Southern states to accept a key amendment and allow Black men to vote before rejoining the Union.
What was the Reconstruction Act of 1867?
These three amendments together are known by this nickname because they reshaped citizenship, freedom, and voting rights after the Civil War.
What are the Reconstruction Amendments?
This secret hate group violently attacked Black Americans and Republican leaders, trying to “purify” American society and stop Reconstruction.
Who was the Ku Klux Klan?
The phrase “separate but equal,” upheld in this Supreme Court case, was used to defend segregated schools and public facilities that were never truly equal.
What is Plessy v Ferguson?
This Jim Crow law allowed poor whites in the South to vote without taking literacy tests or paying poll taxes.
What is the Grandfather Clause?