Geologic Time
Natural Selection
Fossils
100

In the geologic time scale, which era is known as the "Age of Reptiles"?

  • A)Paleozoic
  • B)Mesozoic
  • C)Cenozoic
  • D)Proterozoic

B. Mesozoic 

100

Which of the following is an example of artificial selection? 

  • A) A giraffe's neck becoming longer over generations due to reaching for higher leaves.
  • B) A type of moth changing color over time to blend in with polluted trees.
  • C) Breeding dogs to produce a new breed with specific desirable traits.
  • D) Fish developing the ability to live in polluted water over several generations.

C) Breeding dogs to produce a new breed with specific desirable traits.

100

The fossil record is primarily found in which type of rock? 

  • A)Igneous
  • B)Metamorphic
  • C)Sedimentary
  • D)Basaltic

C) Sedimentary

200

What is the difference between relative dating and absolute dating? 


 Absolute dating can give the exact age of an artifact, while relative dating can only determine if one artifact is older or younger than another.

200

Which of the following best describes the process of adaptation?

  • A) A sudden change in an organism's DNA that gives it a survival advantage.
  • B) A process by which a species becomes better suited to its environment over many generations.
  • C) The ability of an organism to move from one habitat to another.
  • D) A learned behavior that allows an organism to survive in its environment.

 B) A process by which a species becomes better suited to its environment over many generations.

200

What is the first step in the fossil formation process? 

  • A)Permineralization
  • B)Decomposition
  • C)Sedimentation
  • D)Burial

D. Burial 

300

What is the Law of superposition and how does it relate to relative dating?

The principle that older rocks are always on the bottom and younger rocks are on the top.

300

"Survival of the fittest" means that: 

  • A) The strongest individuals in a species will survive, while the weaker ones will perish.
  • B) Only the fastest individuals in a species will survive.
  • C) Individuals that are best adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.
  • D) All members of a species have an equal chance of survival.

C) Individuals that are best adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.


300

Which of the following is NOT a type of fossil?

  • A)Petrified wood
  • B)Casts and molds
  • C)Amber
  • D)Synthetic resin

D) Synthetic resin


400

What are index fossils and why are they important in geology? 

  • A)Fossils that are very rare and found only in specific locations, important for identifying rock layers.
  • B)Fossils that are common and found in many places, but not useful for dating rock layers.
  • C)Fossils that are unique to specific geological periods, important for identifying and dating rock layers.
  • D)Fossils that are abundant, widespread, and limited to a short span of geologic time, important for correlating and dating rock layers.

Fossils that are abundant, widespread, and limited to a short span of geologic time, important for correlating and dating rock layers.

400

What does variation within a species refer to?

  • A) The ability of a species to live in various geographical locations.
  • B) The uniform characteristics shared by all members of a species.
  • C) The differences in physical traits among individuals of the same species.
  • D) The tendency of a species to remain unchanged over time.

 C) The differences in physical traits among individuals of the same species.

400

Why are fossils important to scientists? 

  • A)They provide fuel for energy.
  • B)They are used in jewelry and decoration.
  • C)They help in understanding the evolutionary history of life on Earth.
  • D)They are a major source of iron.

C) They help in understanding the evolutionary history of life on Earth.

500

What is radioactive decay and how is it used in absolute dating? 

  • A) A process where unstable isotopes break down into stable isotopes, not used in dating rocks.
  • B) A process where stable isotopes break down into unstable isotopes, used to determine the age of rocks.
  • C) A process where unstable isotopes break down into stable isotopes, used to determine the age of rocks.
  • D) A process where elements decay by losing electrons, used in relative dating.

 

C) A process where unstable isotopes break down into stable isotopes, used to determine the age of rocks.

500

Why is genetic variation important for natural selection? 

  • A) It ensures that all members of a species are identical.
  • B) It decreases the competition for resources among individuals.
  • C) It allows for some individuals to have traits better suited to the environment, leading to evolutionary change.
  • D) It prevents any changes in the species over time.

C) It allows for some individuals to have traits better suited to the environment, leading to evolutionary change.

500

Which factor does NOT contribute to the preservation of fossils?

  • A)Rapid burial
  • B)Presence of hard parts
  • C)High levels of oxygen
  • D)Lack of scavengers

C) High levels of oxygen

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