Heat Injury/Illness
What is the core body temperature (internal temperature) of someone suffering from heat stroke?
105 Degrees
What is hypothermia and what are signs, symptoms, and treatments for it?
Body temperature is less than 95 degrees
S&Sx:
Tx: Warm victim slowly, rapid warming can cause heart arrhythmias
What is necrosis?
How often and who has to obtain a PPE?
once a year
all sports, band, or physical activity
what is an EAP and what is the goal of an EAP?
EAP = Emergency Action Plan
Goal - A designed approach to help aid in an emergency, facilitates action plan for each venue/location and sport, Actions of each personnel involved are clearly defined & Helps avoid mistakes & inadequate treatment
What are the 4 types of Heat illness/injury?
1. Heat Cramps
2. Heat Syncope
3. Heat Exhaustion
4. Heat Stroke
What is the actual freezing of tissue fluids, late and early signs?
Frostbite
How can we reduce the risk of skin cancer?
- sunscreen
- hats, sunglasses or layered clothing
What are the goals of a PPE?
What are the roles of the first responder?
Maintaining body temperature is the definition of what?
thermoregulation
What is the wind chill factor?
a measure of how cold the air "feels like" to humans, combining the effects of air temperature and wind speed
What portion of the brain regulates heat?
Hypothalamus
What are the 2 types of PPE?
1. Station-Based
2. Office-Based
What should you provide for EMS when on the phone?
Provide your name and name of injured person
Address / Location of venue
Telephone number (you called from)
Number of individuals injured
Condition of injured personnel
Vitals (ABC) – Alertness, Breathing, Circulation
Type of injury
What is the difference between heat exhaustion and heat stroke?
Heat Exhaustion = Exposed to heat, loss of fluids through sweating. S&Sx: Pale and clammy skin, Profuse perspiration, Fatigue, tiredness, weakness, Headache, Muscle cramps, Dizziness and/or fainting
Heat Stroke = Prolonged exposure to high temperatures. S&Sx:High Core body temperature, Red, hot, and dry skin, Pulse is rapid, Victim may lose consciousness, Decline in CNS Function
If you are THIRSTY, you already lost 1.5-2 liters of fluid, this is called?
Dehydration
What is a WBGT reading?
measure of heat stress in direct sunlight, which takes into account:
What are contact and non-contact sports?
contact: football, soccer, and basketball
non-contact sports: golf, track, weight lifting
List 5 types of emergency equipment
Supplies
What are the 5 ways that body heat is lost?
Respiration
Evaporation
Conduction
Radiation
Convection
How long does acclimatization period take?
10-14 days
What is the difference between the 3 degrees of sunburns?
1st Degree - top layer of skin; red, hot, swelling
2nd Degree - 1 and 2 layer of skin; Skin blisters, swollen, red, and painful
3rd Degree - Most severe, injury to all layers of skin. White or charred appearance, Extremely painful or painless if nerves are destroyed
What components make up the PPE?
General medical Hx, Cardiac Hx, Orthopedic Hx
Female ?’s, Height / weight, Pulse / BP, Vision
Musculoskeletal, Skin, ears/nose/throat, Genitalia (males only)
What is the goal of spine boarding an injured athlete?
AND What should be removed from a football player before spine boarding them?
Maintain c-spine control, no head or neck movement
helmet and shoulder pads