Nationalism & Imperialism
This term describes a strong sense of pride and loyalty to one’s own nation or cultural group.
What is Nationalism?
This acronym is often used to remember the five long-term causes of WWI: Militarism, Alliances, Nationalism, and Imperialism
What is MAIN?
This defensive military strategy led to long, grueling stalemates on the Western Front.
What is Trench Warfare?
He was the last Tsar of Russia, whose weak leadership and military failures led to his abdication
Who was Nicholas II?
This final peace agreement officially ended WWI but is often blamed for causing the tensions that led to WWII.
What was the Treaty of Versailles?
This 1884 meeting of European powers established the rules for dividing Africa, notably without any African representation.
What was the Berlin Conference (or the Scramble for Africa)?
The assassination of this Archduke in Sarajevo is considered the immediate "spark" that started WWI.
Who was Franz Ferdinand?
This was the name for the deadly, unoccupied space between opposing trench lines.
What is No Man's Land?
This radical group, led by Vladimir Lenin, successfully seized power during the October Revolution of 1917.
Who were the Bolsheviks?
Also known as Article 231, this clause forced Germany to accept "sole responsibility" for starting the war.
What was the War Guilt Clause?
This 1857 uprising in India was triggered by British disrespect for local religious beliefs regarding rifle cartridges.
What was the Sepoy Rebellion?
This pre-war alliance consisted of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy.
What was the Triple Alliance?
This term describes a conflict where countries devote all their resources—economic, industrial, and human—to the war effort.
What is Total War?
This three-word slogan was used by Lenin to win the support of the starving and war-weary Russian population.
What is "Peace, Land, and Bread"?
This international organization was created after the war with the primary goal of maintaining global peace.
What was the League of Nations?
European nations primarily engaged in 19th-century imperialism to secure these two things for their growing industries.
What are raw materials and new markets?
This policy involves a nation glorifying its armed forces and keeping a standing army always prepared for war.
What is Militarism?
This specific weapon was most responsible for the high casualty rates and the inability of soldiers to cross No Man's Land.
What is the Machine Gun?
In the Russian Civil War, the "Reds" (Bolsheviks) fought against this loosely aligned group of opponents.
Who were the Whites?
One of Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points, this principle suggested that ethnic groups should have the right to choose their own government.
What is Self-Determination?
This revolutionary leader fought for peasant land rights during the Mexican Revolution, authoring the "Plan de Ayala."
Who was Emiliano Zapata?
This country originally belonged to the Triple Alliance but switched sides to join the Allies in 1915.
What is Italy?
To maintain public support and demonize the enemy, governments used this type of biased one-sided information.
What is Propaganda?
This 1918 treaty ended Russia's involvement in World War I, forcing them to give up massive amounts of territory to Germany.
What was the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?
Germany was forced to pay these—massive financial penalties intended to cover the costs of war damages.
What are Reparations?