Encoding
Storing & Retrieving
Forgetting & Memory Construction
Thinking & Problem Solving
Language
100
Encoding with meaning
What is Semantic Encoding
100
According to George Miller, we have room for this many items in our short-term memory
What is 7 (plus or minus 2)
100
The basic defense mechanism that suppresses memories that cause anxiety
What is Repression
100
Our best example of a category
What is Prototype
100
The building block of any language; the smallest unit
What is Phoneme
200
Encoding by thinking to yourself, “this new term rhymes with something else.”
What is Acoustic Encoding
200
Fill-in-the-blank questions measure this ability to retrieve information
What is Recall
200
This “effect” happens when we include incorrect or misleading information in our memories
What is Misinformation Effect
200
A rule of thumb
What is Heuristic
200
Although words may be put together in the correct order, they may not possess meaning, or this.
What is Semantics
300
Encoding by organizing information in digestible bites
What is Chunking
300
One of the two original authors of the 3-box model for memory
What is Atkinson OR Shiffrin
300
TOT, or Tip-of-the-Tongue phenomenon, is most likely an example of this kind of “failure” to remember
What is Retrieval Failure
300
When retailers mark down a $50 shirt to $25, it sounds like a better deal then a regularly priced $25 shirt because of _______
What is Framing
300
The approximate age babies begin communicating one word at a time.
What is 1 year old
400
A memory formed by an extremely emotional event
What is Flashbulb Memory
400
Our tendency to remember experiences consistent with our current mood
What is Mood Congruent Memory
400
Her studies on the memories of children claiming abuse has been controversial, even resulting in death threats
What is Elizabeth Loftus
400
Work and work and work and make no progress on a problem. Suddenly, this happens.
What is Insight
400
Research demonstrating that older people have a more difficult time learning a new language supports the theories put forth by this famous psychologist
What is Noam Chomsky (“Language Acquisition Device” and “Critical Period”)
500
Space, time, and frequency are usually encoded this way
What is Automatic Processing
500
Our fleeting sensory memory of images
What is Iconic Memory
500
This psychologist demonstrated how memory storage decays, eventually leveling off around 33%
What is Ebbinghaus
500
Approaching a problem believing that there could be more than one solution
What is Divergent Thinking
500
If bilingual people have a cognitive advantage, they are likely to frequently discover more than one solution to a problem, contrary to this kind of thinking
What is Convergent Thinking
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