Formation of Ionic Bonds
This is what an atom is called after it loses one or more electrons
cation
What physical state are ionic compounds typically found in?
Solid
sodium bromide
NaBr
LiCl
lithium chloride
The outermost electrons in an atom or ion
valence electrons
This is formed when an atom gains one or more electrons
anion
Ions conduct electricity when melted or _____.
dissolved
potassium oxide
K2O
CaF2
calcium fluoride
Most _______ elements are most stable with 8 valence electrons
A group
This is the electrostatic attraction between a cation and anion
Sodium chloride (NaCl) is a classic example, where Na loses one electron and Cl gains one electron.
What is the melting point of ionic compounds like?
Ionic compounds tend to have high melting and boiling points due to strong ionic bonds.
chromium(III) phosphate
CrPO4
Ba(OH)2
barium hydroxide
A group of bonded atoms which has a charge
polyatomic ion
metals
What combination of elements tends to make ionic compounds?
metal-nonmetal
Zn(NO3)2
Fe(NO3)3
Iron(III) nitrate
Give an exception to the octet rule
Elements 1-5 or the post-transition metals
How does a nonmetal's atomic radius aid in stealing electrons from metals?
Nonmetals tend to be small, so their nucleus can get close to the metal's electrons
Which of the following is NOT an ionic compound:
Na2O, SrS, Fe(NO3)2, CO2
CO2
(it is two nonmetals!)
Ammonium sulfate
silver chloride
The measure of an atoms attraction for electrons
Electronegativity