DNA vs RNA
If DNA is 24% cytosine, this is the percent of adenine.
What is 26%?
This enzyme unwinds DNA.
What is topoisomerase?
This process copies DNA into mRNA.
What is transcription?
This structure reads mRNA to translate it into a polypeptide.
What is the ribosome?
This mutation shifts the reading frame.
What is a frameshift mutation?
This molecule contains ribose and can leave the nucleus.
What is RNA?
This enzyme adds nucleotides to the new strand.
What is DNA polymerase?
This enzyme builds mRNA.
What is RNA polymerase?
This molecule carries amino acids.
What is tRNA?
This mutation does not change the amino acid
What is a silent mutation?
Name the nitrogen base found in RNA but not DNA.
What is uracil?
This strand is built in fragments.
What is the lagging strand?
This is the first step of transcription.
What is initiation?
These are three-base sequences on mRNA.
What are codons?
This type of DNA sequence controls when and where a gene is expressed.
What is a regulatory switch (enhancer)?
The DNA template strand for a protein is 3'-TACGATCGATCAGT-5' what would be the mRNA.
5'-AUGCUAGCUAGUCA-3'
This strand is built continuously.
What is the leading strand?
This RNA modification protects mRNA and helps it leave the nucleus.
What is the 5’ cap and/or Poly-A tail?
This is the first amino acid in every polypeptide chain.
What is MET?
Explain what happened to the Pitx1 regulatory switch in freshwater sticklebacks.
What is a deletion mutation?
Explain ONE functional difference between DNA and RNA in cells.
What is DNA stores genetic info while RNA helps build proteins?
Explain why the lagging strand forms Okazaki fragments.
What is DNA polymerase only works 5’ to 3’, so it must build in segments?
Explain the purpose of intron splicing.
What is removing noncoding regions so only coding sequences remain?
Describe how the correct amino acid is added during translation.
What is tRNA anticodons match mRNA codons to bring the correct amino acid?
Freshwater stickleback fish lack the regulatory switch for pelvic expression of the Pitx1 gene. What is the advantage of lacking pelvic spines?
What is it allows them to avoid predators such as dragonfly larvae?