reported speech - statements
"We have finished the project," they said.
They said that they had finished the project.
"When will they arrive?" she asked.
She asked when they would arrive.
The lights are on. They ______ be at home.
must
If she ______ (listen) to my advice, she wouldn't have made that mistake.
had listened
"Why did you leave early?" the teacher asked.
The teacher asked why I had left early.
"I bought a new phone yesterday," Sarah said.
Sarah said that she had bought a new phone the day before.
"Can you help me?" he asked.
He asked if I could help him.
I'm not sure. She ______ know the answer.
may/might/could
If we had known about the traffic, we ______ (leave) earlier.
would have left
"Don't use your phones during the exam," the teacher said.
The teacher told the students not to use their phones during the exam.
"I will help you tomorrow," Jack said.
Jack said that he would help me the next day.
"Did you finish your homework?" the teacher asked.
The teacher asked if I had finished my homework.
It's impossible. He ______ be 90 years old. He's only 20.
can't
He didn't wear a seatbelt, so he got injured.
If he had worn a seatbelt, he wouldn't have got injured.
We got lost because we didn't bring a map.
If we had brought a map, we wouldn't have got lost.
"I can't swim," Lisa said.
Lisa said that she couldn't swim.
"Don't tell anyone my secret," Jane said.
Jane told me not to tell anyone her secret.
The ground is wet. It ______ rained last night.
must have
They didn't book a hotel, so they had nowhere to stay.
If they had booked a hotel, they would have got somewhere to stay.
"Don't forget to lock the door before you leave," Dad said.
Dad told me not to forget to lock the door before I left.
"I am studying for my exam," Mike said.
Mike said that he was studying for his exam.
"Please wait outside the office," the receptionist said.
The receptionist told us to wait outside the office.
He wasn't even in the country. He ______ committed the crime.
can't have/couldn't have
If I hadn't forgotten your birthday, I ______ (buy) you a present.
would have bought
Tom failed his driving test. He didn't practice enough.
If Tom had practiced enough, he wouldn't have failed his driving test.