Acid Rain
These occur in metropolitan areas that are significantly warmer than their surroundings.
What are Urban heat islands?
This type of smog is formed by the reaction of sunlight with pollutants like nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds.
What is Photochemical smog?
Tends to be sulfur-based and is also called gray smog.
What is Industrial Smog?
Thermal inversions typically occur in this lowest layer of the Earth’s atmosphere.
What is the troposphere?
It erodes stone and metal, especially limestone and marble.
What is acid rain's impact on buildings?
These are the main causes of acid rain.
What are sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide pollutions from factories and vehicles?
Photochemical smog is most likely to form under these weather conditions, which trap pollutants near the ground.
What is dry, stagnant, warm air conditions?
The increase in atmospheric CO2, due to the Buring of fossil fuels, is a primary cause of this.
What is climate change OR global warming?
A thermal inversion disrupts this fundamental atmospheric process, which normally allows warm air to rise and cool air to sink.
What is convection?
It traps heat in the atmosphere, contributing to global warming.
What is a greenhouse gas?
Name two human activities that contribute to acid rain.
What are burning fossil fuels and vehicle emissions?
This is the third reactive gas. It is a major component of photochemical smog, is not emitted directly, but forms when sunlight triggers chemical reactions involving nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons.
What is ozone (O3)?
Occurs when the contaminant comes from a source that is not easily identifiable or from several sources spread over a large, widespread area.
What is non-point source air pollution?
During a thermal inversion, concentrations of this common air pollutant can reach dangerous levels due to restricted air movement.
What is carbon monoxide?
DAILY DOUBLE: Thermal Inversion often occurs due these two geological terrains.
What are mountains and valleys?
These are ways acid rain impact aquatic ecosystems.
What are lowering pH levels and releasing toxic metals?
The atmospheric condition is most favorable for the formation of photochemical smog?
What are dry, sunny, warm, low wind conditions?
The reactants are sunlight, water, & carbon dioxide; the products are glucose and oxygen.
What is the formula for photosynthesis?
A severe thermal inversion contributed to this infamous 1952 pollution event in a major European city, causing thousands of deaths.
What is the Great Smog of London?
Thermal Inversion can worsen this respiratory condition by trapping pollutants near the surface and being inhaled by humans.
What is asthma?
DAILY DOUBLE: This is the standard pH of acid rain.
What is a pH level of 2.0 to 5.6?
The role of sunlight in the formation of photochemical smog.
What is the sunlight provides energy needed to break down nitrogen dioxide into nitrogen oxide which helps form ozone?
The reactants are glucose and oxygen; the products are carbon dioxide, water, & energy.
What is the formula for respiration?
Usually this happens to air temperatures when the altitude increases.
What is air temperatures decrease?
During thermal inversion, this layer of warm air traps cooler air and pollution near the ground.
What is the inversion layer?