Acid Rain
This the specific effect acid rain has on aquatic life.
What is it lowers the pH of water, making it toxic to fish?
Thermal inversions typically occur in this lowest layer of the Earth’s atmosphere.
What is the troposphere?
A human activity releases the most CO₂.
What is burning fossil fuels?
"photochemical” is broken down/simplified to mean this.
What are chemical reactions triggered by sunlight?
This is air that hangs over urban areas and reduces visibility.
What is industrial (gray) smog OR photochemical (brown) smog?
DAILY DOUBLE: The two main gases causing acid rain.
What are sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides?
Occurs when a layer of warm air sits above cooler air trapping pollutants close to the ground
What is thermal inversion?
The effect aerosols have on climate.
What is they can reflect sunlight and cool the Earth?
The two ingredients necessary to form photochemical smog.
What are sunlight and pollutants (i.e., nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds) forming into a gas (i.e., ozone)?
The chemical reaction that leads to the formation of acid rain.
What is the reaction of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides with water vapor in the atmosphere?
Acid rain is a regional dilemma, not a global problem because of this (fact) based on physics.
What are that pollutants don’t travel far (longitudinally not latitudinally) before falling to the ground?
This layer of air is the main cause of the trapping of pollutants during an inversion.
What is the warm inversion layer?
This is the difference between PM2.5 and PM10.
What is PM2.5 is smaller and can penetrate deeper into the lungs?
Cities like Los Angeles or Atlanta experience more photochemical smog in this season due to increased sunlight and stagnant air.
What is summer?
This is after acid deposition and causes soil erosion, poor soil quality and sometimes harms aquatic habitats.
What are the effects of acid rain?
Scrubbers help reduce acid rain by doing this (specifically).
What is removing sulfur dioxide from factory emissions?
The ground being cooled rapidly at night, leading to cooler air near the surface and warmer air above, and it is most likely to occur at night or early morning.
What is surface inversion OR radiation inversion?
Fine solid or liquid particles suspended in air, such as soot, dust, or pollen.
What are particulates OR What is particulate matter?
2 or more Health effects associated with exposure to photochemical smog.
What is (difficulty breathing, eye irritation, fatigue, reduced lung function)?
This is a cause of thermal inversion that is associated with low water vapor in the atmosphere.
What is dry air?
The phenomenon or phrase to denote the accumulation of CO2 and other global warming gases, leading to the warming of Earth's surface.
What is the greenhouse effect?
A severe thermal inversion contributed to this infamous 1952 pollution event in a major European city, causing thousands of deaths.
What is the Great Smog of London?
Deposition type in the form of rain, sleet, snow that is a vector for acid rain.
What is wet deposition?
Deposition type of aerosols and gas particles (due to gravity) that is a vector for acid rain.
What is dry deposition?
DAILY DOUBLE: Examples of products that produce Volatile Organic Compounds.
What are cleaning products, furnishing, floor materials, paint, glue, rugs, etc.?