Early Cold War
This collective security organization was formed in 1949 by the United States and Western allies after WWII.
What is NATO?
This U.S. policy aimed to stop the spread of communism around the world.
What is Containment?
This was the decades-long era of tension, nuclear arms buildup, and ideological rivalry between the U.S. and Soviet Union.
What is the Cold War?
This term describes the process of countries gaining independence from imperial powers.
What is decolonization?
This Indian leader promoted nonviolent resistance to British rule.
Who is Mohandas Gandhi?
This U.S. initiative offered $13 billion to rebuild Western Europe after WWII.
What is the Marshall Plan?
This 1947 U.S. policy pledged support for countries resisting communism.
What is the Truman Doctrine?
This symbolic event in 1989 is often seen as marking the end of the Cold War.
What is the fall of the Berlin Wall?
These laws enforced racial segregation in South Africa.
What is Apartheid?
This region experienced a violent struggle for independence from the French, leading to Cold War tensions and the rise of Ho Chi Minh.
What is Vietnam?
This 1955 military alliance was the Soviet Union's response to NATO.
What is the Warsaw Pact?
This Cold War theory suggested that if one country fell to communism, its neighbors would follow.
What is the Domino Theory?
This was the first artificial satellite launched into space in 1957, starting the Space Race.
What is Sputnik?
This South African activist led the fight against apartheid and became the country's first Black president.
Who is Nelson Mandela?
This 1950 war began when a communist northern regime invaded its southern neighbor, drawing in the U.S. and other Western allies.
What is the Korean War?
This 1948–49 operation involved flying in supplies to West Berlin during a Soviet blockade.
What is the Berlin Airlift?
This term describes a war where two major powers support opposing sides without fighting each other directly.
What is a Proxy War?
This 1962 crisis brought the U.S. and USSR closest to nuclear war.
What is the Cuban Missile Crisis?
This South African document called for an end to apartheid and equal rights for all citizens.
What is the Freedom Charter?
This 1947 event caused mass migration and violence between Hindus and Muslims after British withdrawal from India.
What is the Partition of India?
This metaphor was used by Winston Churchill to describe the division between Western and Eastern Europe.
What is the Iron Curtain?
This idea prevented direct nuclear war between the U.S. and USSR due to fear of total destruction.
What is Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD)?
This period of relaxed tensions between the U.S. and Soviet Union in the 1970s saw arms control agreements and diplomacy.
What is détente?
This 1960 nickname highlights a major turning point when 17 African countries gained independence.
What is the 'Year of Africa'?
This movement united leaders from newly independent nations who refused to align with either the U.S. or Soviet Union during the Cold War.
What is the Non-Aligned Movement?