Dynamic Earth Leftovers
The "Father" of the theory of Continental Drift
Who is Alfred Wegner?
An unusually hot area in Earth's mantle where high-temperature plumes of mantle rise to the surface
What is a hot spot?
The Theory of Plate Tectonics states that...
What is the theory that says pieces of the lithosphere move on top of the asthenosphere?
What boundary do plates slide past each other without being created or destroyed?
What is a transform boundary?
What are the three types of volcanoes?
What are shield, composite, and cinder cone?
Which type of crust is the densest? (Continental or Oceanic)
What is the oceanic crust?
This law states that undisturbed rock layers near the surface are younger rocks than the rocks beneath them.
What is the Law of Superposition?
The plate motion is driven by
What is convection currents in the mantle?
What type of plate boundary do mid-ocean ridges form on?
What are divergent boundaries?
Which volcano type mainly forms near other volcanos?
What is cinder cones?
The place in Earth where solid metal reaches temperatures of 5,500 degrees celsius.
What is the inner core?
An extinct magma chamber that is old and hardened creates what kind of volcanic leftover?
What is a batholith?
The study of the history of Earth's magnetic field.
What is paleomagnetism?
Subduction occurs at what type of plate boundary?
What are convergent boundaries?
Which volcano type only erupts with smooth lava flows?
What are the three things that can make a volcano more explosive?
What is the temperature of lava (cooler lava is thicker) composition of lava (higher silica/more viscous lava), more dissolved gases, and plugs in the conduit/pipe?
A large crater, up to 100 km, that can form when the summit or side of a volcano collapses into the magma chamber during or after an eruption
What is a caldera?
Due to seafloor spreading on a divergent plate boundary, the youngest rocks in the ocean would be found where?
Where is at the rift of the Mid Atlantic Ridge?
When two plates collide, which one will subduct (go under the other)?
What is the more dense plate?
Which volcano type is created by alternating flows of lava and explosive eruptions?
What is a composite or strato volcano?
The Flipping of the North and South poles is referred to as...
What is magnetic reversal?
At which type of plate boundaries do most of the earthquakes occur?
Convergent & Transform Plate Boundaries
What are three pieces of evidence that support the theory of plate tectonics?
What are matching fossils on separate continents OR matching glacial deposits on separate continents OR matching rock formations/mountains on different continents OR the pattern of Earthquakes & Volcanism OR Earth's magnetic field recorded in the rocks along the ocean floor?
This part of the mantle is partially molten and tends to be much softer and weaker compared to its counterpart.
What is the Asthenosphere?
Famously, the majority of volcanic activity occurs along this location
What is The Ring of Fire?