Food Webs
Define Producer
Makes own food
Define the nitrogen and carbon cycles
Cycles of nitrogen and carbon throughout Earth
If two animals hunt together and are able to catch bigger prey, what is their relationship?
Mutualism
Define Secondary consumer
Consumer that eats the primary consumer (eats the animal that eats plants)
Food webs show ________ - _____ relationships
Predator-prey
Which animal in a food web receives the largest amount of energy from the producer?
Primary Consumer
Why is nitrogen important?
Helps plants grow
What is the relationship between two organisms where one obtains nutrients and water from the other?
Parasitism
If a predator suddenly becomes diseased, which organism in the food web will increase?
Their prey
If an invasive species is blocking sunlight to the plants below it, what is the effect?
Inhibits growth
Define a primary consumer and give an example of one
Eats plants/producers
Rabbits, cows, etc.
What will happen to plants if they are lacking nitrogen?
They will not grow
If a barnacle attaches to a whale and gets a free ride, but doesn't harm the whale, what is this relationship?
Commensalism
What could be a negative impact of a farmer adding birds to kill off harmful insects on their farm?
Killing beneficial insects too
What happens to the stability of an ecosystem with a increase in fishing?
Decreases the stability
If a primary consumer goes extinct, what is the effect on the secondary consumers and producers? (USE: increase/decrease)
Secondary will decrease (less food), producers will increase (less predators)
If a student wants to decrease nitrogen in their terrarium, what should they add?
Bacteria (Nitrobacter)
If a main characteristic of a relationship is that one animal is infected by the other, what relationship is this?
Parasitism
If two plants are in a mutual relationship, then suddenly split up, what will happen tot he two organisms?
One will thrive and the other will die off
What is a consequence of an invasive species in a food web?
Increases the competition for food sources
If the sea otter population decreased, what would happen to the algae population?
Algae would decrease because mussels are not being eaten as much so they eat all the algae
What do humans do that increases carbon dioxide concentration in the air?
Drive cars, deforestation, factories, etc.
If two animals eat squirrels and are affected by a decrease in the squirrel population, what relationship do the first two animals have?
Competition
Other than bacteria, what else can fix nitrogen?
Lightning