Mangroves
True or False: Mangroves reduce damage from typhoons and hurricanes.
True
True or False: Wetlands are the same as quicksand.
True
What is one example of a salt marsh ecosystem near us?
Gulf Coast
An estuary is where freshwater from a river or stream mixes with saltwater from the _____.
Sea (or ocean)
True or False: Mangroves are more southern on the west side of continents.
False. They are more southern on the east side of continents.
What 3 categories can wetlands be grouped into?
Brackish, Freshwater, and Saltwater
Salt marsh communities are very stressful due to high _____. This results in high productivity but low biodiversity.
Salinity
What are the 4 types of estuaries?
Bar-Built, Tectonic, Drowned River Valleys, Fjords
What are pneumatophores?
Vertical root structures used by plants and tress for air exchange
What are the 3 types of freshwater wetlands?
Bogs, Marshes, Swamps
In terms of primary productivity, salt marshes equate to _____ on land.
Tropical Rainforests
Since salt water is heavier than fresh water, salt water in estuaries sinks to the bottom and creates _____, which move back and forth with the daily tides.
Salt Wedges
_____ mangrove habitat types are inland (behind coastlines), have little change in tides (no wave action), and often have higher salinity than other mangrove habitats.
Intermediate
Primary wetland functions of wetlands fall under the categories of habitat, hydrology, and _____ _____.
Water Quality
Salt marsh species rely on what to supply a steady source of food?
Decay of marsh plants
What do we call regions of little freshwater runoff and high evaporation of water with an average salinity over 50% in some areas that may reach 100% during dry spells?
Negative Estuaries
_____ mangrove habitat types are often found in river deltas, have a constant influx of water, and undergo great changes in salinity levels.
Landward
Wetlands are areas that are periodically or permanently inundated by surface or ground water and support vegetation adapted for life in _____ soil.
Saturated
Due to varying human causes, salt marshes have shrunken in size in some areas in a process called _____.
Salt Marsh Dieback
What do we call organisms that keep the salt concentration of body fluids more or less the same regardless of the salinity of the water?
Osmoregulators
_____ mangrove habitat types include coastal front habitats, experience frequent sedimentation, and have a stable morphology due to coastal erosion.
Fringing
Approximately 1/3 of the world's _____ depend on wetlands.
Endangered Species
Soft-bodied animals (e.g. mollusks and worms) can maintain osmotic balance by allowing their body fluids to change with the salinity of the water are called _____.
Osmoconformers
What are the three methods of vivipary reproduction and growth in plants?
Flowering, Fertilization, Propagule Growth
Deep marsh plant communities have standing water depths of between __ inches and ___+ feet during the growing season.
6, 3+
Explain the difference between stenohaline and euryhaline.
Stenohaline species tolerate a narrow range of salinities. Euryhaline species tolerate a wide range of salinities.