Religion
During the Reconquista, who was expelled from Spain?
Non-Christians (Muslims and Jews)
True or False: France developed a constitutional, or limited, monarchy following the Hundred Year's War.
False.
True or False: Under feudalism, the social structure was rigid.
True
What was the purpose of the Crusades?
To regain the Holy Land from the Muslims
Cathedrals in the Middle Ages were built in this style.
What is Gothic?
What was the purpose of Pope Urban II's 1095 decree?
Convince men to come fight in the Crusades.
This Frankish King put an emphasis on intellectual achievements and had a strong relationship with the RCC.
Who was Charlemagne?
Code of Honor followed by Knights.
What is Chivalry?
Woman who claimed to have visions from God telling her to defeat the British.
What are guilds?
An association of workers in a common craft
What was the main job of monks in monasteries?
Copying and translating texts
During the Middle Ages, wealth was based not on a standard currency, but based on _____.
Land Ownership
Name two factors that led to the decline of feudalism.
Rise of merchant middle class.
Growth of cities.
Labor shortage following Black Death.
Name two impacts of the Crusades.
Cities developed along trade routes.
Spread of ideas/innovations from Middle East.
Rise of merchant middle class.
The Black Death was spread along trade routes.
The Black Death was spread from rats, who traveled on trade vessels, to fleas, and then to humans. Thus, it was the travel of rats along trade routes that facilitated the spread of the disease.
What is tithe? AND how did the Church convince people to comply?
Tithe = tax in which 10% of individual wealth went to the Church
Convinced people to comply by arguing that it was necessary to achieve salvation of your soul.
Define manorialism.
Economic system which is based off of self-sufficiency of manor house and its surrounding fields, labored by serfs
Who receives a fief?
Name two reasons why the Crusades were appealing.
Forgiveness of sins.
Get to see Holy Land.
Escape feudalism.
Why would someone be excommunicated? AND what would happen if you were?
Why = breaking cannon law
Effect = not able to receive sacraments, soul cannot reach salvation
Explain how the Pope had not only religious influence, but also secular influence over the politics of Europe.
If a King spoke out or disagreed with the Pope, he could impose an interdict, and prevent the region from receiving sacraments.
What was the purpose of the Magna Carta? AND List two specific ways in which the Magna Carta achieved that purpose.
Purpose = limit power of the King
Ways = king does not have power to tax ; king cannot arbitrarily arrest ; right to trial
Explain the reciprocal relationship under feudalism between the following groups:
Serfs, Lords, Kings.
Serfs give the lord labor in exchange for protection.
Kings give the lords land in exchange for loyalty.
Name two effects of the hundred year's war.
Birth of nationalism.
Increased power of French monarchy.
Gave Parliament power of the purse.
This Frankish King prevented the spread of Muslim influence further into Europe.
Who is Clovis?