Cold War Basics
DAILY DOUBLE
The Cold War was primarily a conflict between these two ideologies.
What are capitalism and communism?
This alliance was created by the U.S. and its allies in Western Europe.
What is NATO?
**BONUS (100 pts)**
What does NATO stand for?
This Chinese leader formally founded the People's Republic of China (PRC) on October 1, 1949. He announced the establishment of the new government atop Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, marking the end of the Chinese Civil War and the start of Communist rule.
Who is Mao Zedong?
This country gained independence from Britain through mostly nonviolent negotiation.
What is India?
This term refers to the use of violence by non-state groups to achieve political or ideological goals.
What is terrorism?
This made the Cold War uniquely dangerous compared to earlier conflicts.
What are nuclear weapons?
The Soviet response to NATO was this alliance.
What is the Warsaw Pact?
**Bonus (200 pts)**
Name three countries in the Warsaw Pact
This policy attempted rapid industrialization but led to famine in China.
What is the Great Leap Forward?
**BONUS (200 pts)**
Explain how this led to famine
This division occurred in India upon their Independence.
What is the partition of India and Pakistan
**BONUS (200 pts)**
Name two other countries that were partitioned during this time period
This Middle Eastern terrorist organization was responsible for the September 11, 2001 attacks in the United States.
What is al-Qaeda?
This group formed to avoid choosing sides between the U.S. and USSR.
What is the Non-Aligned Movement?
This event brought the United States and Soviet Union closest to nuclear war after the discovery of missile sites in the Western Hemisphere.
What is the Cuban Missile Crisis?
**BONUS (500 pts)**
We all owe our existence to Vasili Arkhipov. What is he known for?
Peaseants were often targeted by communist movements with promises of this.
What is land redistribution?
DAILY DOUBLE
This Egyptian leader nationalized the Suez Canal in 1956.
Who is Gamal Abdel Nasser?
**BONUS (200 pts)**
Egypt’s nationalization of the Suez Canal in 1956 directly challenged the economic interests of these two European powers.
This Irish nationalist group used bombings and guerrilla tactics in its conflict with Britain.
What is the IRA? (Irish Republican Army)
**BONUS (100 pts)**
What did the IRA want?
These conflicts allowed superpowers to compete without directly fighting each other.
What are proxy wars?
**BONUS (300 pts)**
Name three proxy wars during the Cold War
DAILY DOUBLE
This Cold War conflict began when communist forces from the north invaded the south, prompting U.S. intervention under a United Nations coalition to contain communism.
What is the Korean War?
DAILY DOUBLE
This person was the leader of the Soviet Union during its collapse, serving as General Secretary of the Communist Party (1985–1991) and the first (and only) President of the USSR (1990–1991)
Who is Mikhail Gorbachev?
**BONUS (300 pts)**
Name two reasons for the Soviet Union's collapse
This region’s independence from France turned into a brutal war marked by guerrilla tactics and widespread violence, becoming a key example of violent decolonization.
What is Algeria?
DAILY DOUBLE
This Basque separatist group carried out attacks in Spain in pursuit of independence.
What is ETA?
This Cold War policy involved the U.S. providing economic aid to rebuild Western Europe in order to prevent the spread of communism.
What is the Marshall Plan?
**BONUS (200 pts)**
Describe the Truman Doctrine and why it was created
This is the interdependent relationship between a nation’s armed forces, the private defense industry supplying them, and the government that funds them.
What is the Military-Industrial Complex?
This set of reforms (late USSR) contributed to the collapse of the Soviet Union.
What are glasnost and perestroika?
**BONUS (200 pts)**
What were they?
This system of racial segregation in South Africa enforced minority white rule and led to decades of resistance before being dismantled in the late 20th century.
What is apartheid?
**BONUS (200 pts)**
This leader of the African National Congress became the global symbol of resistance to apartheid
This global response led by the United States aimed to eliminate terrorist groups and prevent future attacks after 9/11.
What is the War on Terror?