VOCABULARY
MODALS OF ADVICE
MODALS OF PERMISSION
MODALS OF OBLIGATION & PROHIBITION
MODALS OF DEDUCTION
100

Athletes often train hard to ______ their ambitions.

ACHIEVE

100

Complete: You’re always late and your attendance is low. You ___ to get to class earlier tomorrow.

SHOULD TRY

100

When I was younger, I ___ stay up past midnight on weekends

COULD/ WAS ALLOWED TO

100

 It’s your choice. You ___ come to the meeting if you don’t want to.

DON'T HAVE TO

100

Her car is outside. She ___ be home.

MUST

200

He was disqualified for trying to ______ his performance with banned substances.

ENHANCE

200

You lied to your friend and now they are clearly upset. Your friend says: 

YOU SHOULDN'T HAVE LIED TO ME

YOU SHOULD HAVE TOLD ME THE TRUTH

200

You don’t have a license, so you ___ drive a car.

CAN'T

200

In boxing, you ___ hit your opponent below the belt.

MUSTN'T

200

There was a loud noise. What do you think happened?

 It might have been a car crash

300

Collocation that means: Try hard to win or succeed in a competition.

PUT UP A FIGHT

300
The Art Gallery is one of the best ones in the world. You definitely _______________________

SHOULD GO/ MUST GO

300

Your friend asks to borrow money. You say: I ___ lend you some on Friday.

CAN

300

It's dangerous! You ___ touch those wires.

MUSTN'T

300

Look that girl is crying, what happened to her?

She might have broken up with her boyfriend

400

The team was narrowly______ in the final match.

DEFEATED

400

You feel sick after eating too much. What do you say to yourself in regret?

 I shouldn't have eaten so much

400

This modal expresses a general rule/permission: At school, students ___ only drink water in class.

CAN

400

 You feel full and don’t want dessert. You say: I ___ eat it if I don’t like it.

DON'T HAVE TO

400

This is the first student to arrive. He __________ be Gabriel

can't

500

Collocation that means: ' to Qualify for the next stage'

To gain a place in the next round

500

Complete: We didn’t know the way. We ___ right, not left

SHOULD HAVE TURNED

500

WHEN I WAS A TEENAGER, I ______________ WATCH TV WITHOUT MY PARENTS' PERMISSION

WASN'T ALLOWED TO/COULDN'T

500

It’s optional to attend the training session. You say:

YOU DON'T HAVE TO ATTEND THE TRAINING SESSION

500

It's 11am and a student hasn't arrived yet. What happened?

They could have forgotten to set an alarm

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