VOCABULARY
Modals of Advice
Modals of Permission
Obligation, Prohibition & Lack of Obligation
Modals of Deduction
100

Their closest ____________________ is leading the league by five points.

collaborate | opponent | likewise | ambitious | alleviate | crucial | capable | endorphin

OPPONENT

100

You ____________________ the dentist; that tooth looks infected. (see)

SHOULD SEE

100

Members only ____________________(come) into the lab after 6 p.m.

can come

100
As an international student, you _____________ come to class.

MUST/HAVE TO

100

The lights are on; they ____________________ (be) at home.

MUST BE

200

Long-distance runners produce ____________________ that help reduce pain.

collaborate | opponent | likewise | ambitious | alleviate | crucial | capable | endorphin

ENDORPHINS

200

I ____________________ my umbrella; now I’m WET. (bring)

SHOULD HAVE BROUGHT

200

When I was 12, I ____________________ books with tiny print. (read)

could read

200

I ___________ study more, I am not doing well on my tests. 

HAVE TO/MUST

200

I’m not sure—she ____________________ (be) the new manager.

MIGHT BE/COULD BE

300

The manager tried to ____________________ the team’s stress by moving the deadline.

collaborate | opponent | likewise | ambitious | alleviate | crucial | capable | endorphin

alleviate

300

We ____________________ the instructions more carefully. We made too many mistakes in the test. (read)

SHOULD HAVE RED

300

The signal is weak—I ____________________ you clearly. (hear)

can't hear

300

Staff ____________________ park in the visitor spaces—use the staff lot.

MUSTN'T

300

That ____________________ (be) Diego; he’s in Sydney this week.

CAN'T BE

400

A: I think the workshop was excellent.
B: ____________________! I learned a lot too.


1)opponent • 2) endorphins • 3) alleviate • 4) collaborate • 5) Likewise • 6) capable • 7) crucial • 8) ambitious  

Likewise

400

It’s getting late—you ____________________ a taxi. (take)

should take

400

According to the venue rules, you ____________________ water inside. (drink)

can drink

400

You ____________________ attend if you’ve already passed the course.

don't have to

400

He looks familiar. We ____________________ (meet) at last year’s conference.

MIGHT HAVE MET

500

It is ____________________ that we back up the database before the update. 


collaborate | opponent | likewise | ambitious | alleviate | crucial | capable | endorphin

crucial

500

oh-oh! I ____________________ that email before sending it. My boss will be angry! (check) 

should have checked

500

When I was a kid, I ________________ to sleepovers (go). My parents were very strict. 

couldn't go

500

You ____________________ finish today; tomorrow is fine.

DON'T HAVE TO

500

This cake is perfect—you ____________________ (follow) the recipe exactly.

MUST HAVE FOLLOWED

M
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