Planets
Which of the following is true about Earth as a planet?
-The Earth revolves around the sun
-The Earth is the third planet in our solar system
-The Earth is the only planet that orbits the sun
-The Earth is the smallest planet in our solar system
The Earth revolves around the sun
The Earth is the third planet in our solar system
What happens to the orbital speed of Earth as it gets closer to the sun?
It will get faster.
What is the small, hot, extremely dense core left after a star collapses?
White dwarf
Redshift tells us that something is moving_____________
Away from us
One day represents
One spin on Earth's axis
Is our solar system geocentric, or heliocentric?
Geocentric- Everything revolves around us.
What causes the Earth’s seasons?
The tilt of the Earth's axis of rotation.
What is the color of the hottest stars.
Blue
Blueshift tells us that something is ____________
Towards us
One year represents
One revolution around the sun
What are the 4 terrestrial planets?
Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars
Increasing the mass of the sun would ____________ the sun's gravitational force.
Increase
During the main-sequence stage, how is energy generated in a star’s core?
Hydrogen fuses into helium.
Which colors exist in the visible light spectrum?
ROYGBIV or the rainbow
What type of galaxy is the milky way?
Spiral
How are the inner and outer planets of our solar system different?
Inner planets are smaller, have less eccentric orbits, and rocky.
Outer planets are larger, made of gas, have more eccentric orbits, and they have rings.
Increasing the sun's gravitational force would _________ an orbiting planets orbital velocity.
Increase
List the lifecycle of a star in order from youngest to oldest.
-Red Giant
-Protostar
-Main Sequence Star
-Supernova
-Neutron Star, White Dwarf, or Black Hole
Protostar, Main Sequence Star, Red Giant, Supernova, Final Stages (Neutron Star, Black Hole, or White Dwarf)
What happens to the spectrum of a star that is moving away from Earth?
Shifts towards red and frequency decreases.
If the axial tilt of Earth were to increase, how would summers change?
Summers would get hotter.
If the Northern Hemisphere is tilted away from the sun, what season is it?
Winter solstice
The eccentricity of the orbit can be represented by the equation e = d/L. List the planets in order from LEAST to MOST circular orbit.
0.206
0.007
0.017
0.093
0.007
0.017
0.093
0.206
The mass of a main sequence star determines its core pressure and temperature. Stars with higher mass have higher core temperature and more rapid nuclear fusion. What can you conclude from this information?
Stars with a greater mass are able to burn hydrogen at a faster rate, which leads to a shorter lifespan as a main-sequence star.
Astronomers studying the light spectrum lines of light coming from the nearby Andromeda galaxy noticed that it is blue shifted. What does the blue shift of light coming from the Andromeda galaxy imply about its motion relative to Earth, and what implications does this have on the Big Bang theory?
The Big Bang theory predicts that most but not all galaxies are moving away from each other. The blue shift indicates that the Andromeda galaxy is one of the few galaxies moving toward Earth.
Between 2001 and 2010, a NASA probe collected microwave data on the early universe. The image depicts 13.77-billion-year-old temperature fluctuations (shown as color differences) in the early universe. What characteristic of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) provides evidence that the universe is expanding?
The CMBR can be detected coming from all directions.