Lifespan
Have a difficult time describing/displaying pain.
Utilize role playing and through description of all interventions.
Respond well to therapeutic touch.
What are Lifespan Considerations for Children.
Related to bodily sensations and homeostatic mechanisms.
What is Physical Comfort?
Physical
Emotional
Psychospiritual
Sociocultural
Environmental
What are sources of discomfort.
Examples for each.....
The Fifth vital sign.
What is Pain
Applying heat/cold, washing a patient's hair, singing a song to a crying child, holding an anxious patient's hand, repositioning
What are nursing comfort interventions?
*Initial interventions directed at identifying source of discomfort.
May reject offer to comfort.
Awareness of risk-taking behaviors and defiance expected for this developmental age.
Nurture their independence and autonomy with appropriate developmental level communication.
What are Lifespan Considerations for Adolescents.
SNS Responses, Presence or absence of pain, Degree of sleep and rest, Balance of nutrition/fluids, Perception of safety, privacy, and dignity, Sensory perceptions, Body language
What is Normal Presentation of Comfort.
Can directly affect an individual's susceptibility to disease and discomfort, their perception of pain, their ability to sleep/rest, or their emotional responses.
What are Genetic Considerations.
Are these modifiable???
**Xrays, blood work, sleep studies to identify underlying cause.
Elevated HR and/or BP, diaphoresis, anxious, hyperventilation, hyperactivity, uncontrollable crying/yelling/profanity.
What is Objective Pain Assessment Data.
Teaching patient lifestyle changes to decrease pain, depression, fatigue.
What is Health Promotion?
Display comfort through crying.
Comforted by holding/rocking, soothing words/sounds, and/or rubbing/patting their torso.
What are Lifespan Considerations of Infants & Toddlers.
**Many pain medications have no dosing instructions for <2 y/o
Related to external surroundings.
What is Environmental Comfort?
Wong-Baker Faces, FLACC, CRIES, Numeric, and Verbal Descriptor
What are Pain Assessment Scales.
Obvious signs of discomfort, PQRST, Patient history, Lifestyle, and Occupation
What is Observation and Patient Interview.
What are obvious signs of discomfort???
Provide restful environment, maintaining regular sleep-wake patterns, minimizing environmental stimuli, and grouping care interventions.
What is Promoting Sleep Hygiene.
Require teaching and instruction continuously.
Health promotion directed towards safety, functional mobility, disease management, and nutrition.
What are Lifespan Considerations of the Older Adult.
Related to family and social relationships.
What is Sociocultural Comfort?
Highly dependent on developmental age, sensory processing, and diagnosis(s).
What is Patient Comfort/Pain Perception.
***Fibromyalgia, ASD, MS, Osteo/RA.
Can you think of any others???
Opioids, NSAID's, Non-opioids
What are Pharmacologic Therapies for Discomfort or Pain.
Teaching breathing exercises, muscle relaxation, imagery and movement techniques. Or implementing massage, acupuncture, and meditation.
What are Relaxation Techniques.
Require additional time to explain normal expectations and answer questions.
Teaching directed towards optimal nutrition, hydration, sleep and rest, with tips of sleeping positions to ease discomfort.
What are Lifespan Considerations for Pregnant Woman.
Related to the individual awareness of oneself and ones relationship to a higher being.
What is Psychospiritual Comfort?
Denial of pain or discomfort.
Thought process that pain or discomfort is a punishment.
Thought process that pain or discomfort is not spoke about.
What are Cultural & Diversity influencers on pain.
Arrange visit from spiritual leader and/or loved ones.
Management of Pain/discomfort <4/10 at all times.
Care directed towards optimal comfort.
Facilitate referrals for grief counseling.
What are End-of-Life Interventions.
Nutritional/herbal supplements, physical therapy, medical marijuana, exercise programs, and aquatic therapy.
What are Nonpharmacologic Collaborative Therapies.