Enlightenment Thinkers
Which philosopher believed people are born with natural rights such as life, liberty, and property?
John Locke
What document established that no, not even a king, is above the law?
Magna Carta
What major complaint did American colonists have against Great Britain?
No taxation without representation
Which social class made up the majority of the French population?
The Third Estate
What battle ended Napoleon's rule in 1815?
Battle of Waterloo
Which thinker believed in separation of powers within government?
Montesquieu
What idea states that government exists to protect the rights of the people?
Natural Rights
What document declared the American colonies independent from Britain?
Declaration of Independence
What French document stated that men are born free and equal in rights?
Declaration of the Rights of Man
What was the continental system?
A blockade meant to cut off trade with Britain
Which Enlightenment thinker promoted freedom of speech and religious tolerance?
Voltaire
What principle divides government into branches to prevent abuse of power?
Separation of Powers
What idea justified the colonists right to overthrow British rule?
Governments exist to protect rights
What social problem helped cause the French Revolution?
Inequality between social classes
Why did Napoleon's invasion of Russia fail?
Harsh winter and Russia's scorched Earth policy
Which philosopher believed laws should reflect the "general will" of the people?
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
What belief holds that people should have the power to govern themselves?
Democracy/Popular Sovereignty
What earlier English documents influenced American ideas about rights?
Magna Carta and English Bill of Rights
What political goal did the French Revolution pursue?
Replacing monarchy with a government based on equality and popular rule
What meeting was held after Napoleon's defeat to restore stability in Europe?
Congress of Vienna
Which Enlightenment thinker believed people give up freedoms in exchange for protection by a strong central government?
Thomas Hobbes
What political idea connects revolutions, self-rule, and popular government?
Democracy
What was one major political result of the American Revolution?
Citizens gained more political rights/Creation of a republic
What was one political result of the French Revolution?
Expansion of political rights/end of Absolute Monarchy
What alliance was created to maintain peace and prevent future revolutions?
Concert of Europe