Roman World
According to legend, who were the twin brothers who founded Rome?
Romulus and Remus
What sea did Rome call “Mare Nostrum”?
The Mediterranean Sea
What were Greek city-states called?
Poleis
Who did the Greeks fight in the Persian Wars?
The Persians
This is the name of the people who made and knew the laws, administered justice, and monopolized public office.
The Patricians
Who did Rome fight in the Punic Wars?
Carthage
Why was the sea important for the Greeks?
It helped with trade and communication
Which two city-states fought in the Peloponnesian War?
Athens and Sparta
the largest group of people (farmers, artisans, and merchants who had gradually migrated to the city). They lacked political rights, although they were required to pay taxes and serve in the army.
The plebeians
What was one of the keys to Roman victories?
A large number of available soldiers. Military service to Rome was a duty for every Roman citizen
What did all Greeks share, even if they lived in different city-states?
Language, religion, and culture
Which city-state won the Peloponnesian War?
Sparta
The term republic comes from what Latin words? What do they mean?
Res publica, meaning "public thing" or "public affairs."
Who was the famous Macedonian king who conquered a huge empire?
Alexander the Great
What was the center of public life and markets in a polis?
The agora
Which philosopher educated Alexander the Great?
Aristotle :)
Why was Roman voting unfair for poorer citizens?
Most centuries comprised the wealthiest citizens, and their votes alone were enough to secure a majority. The poorest citizens often did not have the opportunity to vote.
What did Caesar's adopted son, Octavian (later named Augustus), do?
He transformed the Republic into an empire.
Name three types of government used in Greek city-states.
Democracy / oligarchy / monarchy / tyranny
What happened to Alexander the Great’s empire after he died?
It was divided into kingdoms
(his generals divided it into four Hellenistic kingdoms ruled by hereditary monarchies: Macedonia, Egypt, the Seleucid kingdom and Pergamon.)