9.2 Reagan & Conservatism
Tax Cuts and Supply-Side Economics, Limited Government, Free Market Economics, and Deregulation.
What did the "New Right" and the Conservative agenda champion under Ronald Reagan?
Military interventions and the buildup of nuclear and conventional weaponry.
What did President Reagan's diplomatic efforts result in during the Cold War period?
The invention of the computer, which became confined to a small household device through resistors, microprocessors, and Apple. IBM, or the International Business Machines Corporation, also invented PCs, which expanded computer use and the globally connected internet.
What types of innovations did the Digital Revolution involve?
The Sunbelt States.
Following WWII, significant migration, both internal and international, was experienced by which states?
The Supreme Court ruled in favor of George W. Bush as the 43rd president of the United States.
The disputed 2000 election between Republican candidate George W. Bush and Democratic candidate Al Gore resulted in what?
Welfare programs, food stamps, and public transportation.
What services or resources were lost during Reagan's federal government spending cuts?
The United States secretly sold weapons to Iran-Contra to aid war efforts during the Iran-Iraq War, but the Reagan administration used these profits to illegally fund the Contras in Nicaragua.
What was the Iran-Contra Affair?
The General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs was signed in 1944 and represented a shift of overseas manufacturing reliance, particularly from China, because of the cheaper labor available for production.
Explain which agreement led to the decline of manufacturing jobs available in the United States?
For agricultural-based labor, which was sufficient because of the warm conditions and economic opportunities from the rising industries of aerospace and technology.
Why were immigrants drawn to the Sunbelt States?
The terrorist attack by the al-Qaeda terrorist group, which used technological innovations to lead an attack on America following their hijack of four commercial aircraft, which led to two airplanes crashing into the World Trade Center in New York, one into the Pentagon, and a fourth in the countryside due to a passenger uprising.
What was the September 11th, 2001, attack?
Gay liberation, Women's liberation, and abortion accessibility.
What did Ronald Reagan and the Conservative Party aim to counter?
Pledged the United States' support for anti-communist and guerrilla groups fighting against Soviet-backed communist regimes around the world.
What did the Reagan Doctrine pledge?
The top-earning 1% households' wealth increased by 275%, while the middle 60% of income rose by 40% due to the significant rise in low-wage service sector jobs over overseas-filled manufacturing.
The shifts that rose from Americans in the service sector instead of manufacturing led to what disparity in economics between 1989-2007?
The South and Southwest states that leaned more conservative gained more seats in the House from the Sunbelt draw, while the left-leaning Northern and Midwest states experienced a decrease in seats.
Resulting from the movement to the Sunbelt states, what serious political consequences were faced?
The War on Terror demanded that the Afghanistan government hand over Osama Bin Laden, who was responsible for the attacks on 9/11.
What "war" did President Bush lead America into following the attack of 9/11, and what did it demand?
Liberalism which dominated throughout the 60s and 70s.
What did the Reagan administration's rollback of social justice movements, business regulations, and environmental protections represent a rejection of?
Built military grade satellites to shoot enemy missiles from space with lasers, increasing the U.S. defense budget from approximately 170 billion in 1981 to over 300 billion in four years.
What did Reagan's Strategic Defense Initiative implement?
The increased productivity during 1995 from the internet's speed of communications represented a healthy economy, while the failure to increase the standard of living from digitalized changes represented an unhealthy economy.
The Digital Revolution represented a healthy and unhealthy economy because of which two factors?
Many immigrants have taken on low-wage jobs, often overlooked by American citizens.
Why did economists during this period believe immigrant workers in the United States positively impact the U.S. economy?
The Patriot Acts of 2001 and 2003 increased government permission to enact surveillance on American citizens, including listening to phone calls and reading emails.
Following the 9/11 attacks, American citizens' willingness to accept invasive measures by the federal government rose, as evidenced by which acts passed by the Reagan administration?
That wealth would "trickle down" from the top-earning 1%, who received tax cuts and reduced government intervention, to those of the middle and working classes.
What did Ronald Reagan believe Reaganomics would do?
Both President Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev agreed to destroy all intermediate-range missiles and remove Soviet troops from Afghanistan.
What agreement did the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Agreement express in 1987?
Reagan fired multiple air traffic controllers, which proved consistent with Reagan's economic policies championing the supply-side, or the airline, of economics instead of the workers.
A major blow to labor unions occurred in 1981 because of which agenda-fueled action by President Reagan?
This act eliminated the natural origins quota system, allowing immigrants to enter America in larger numbers due to labor-productive immigration.
What was the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965?
Bush sent the U.S. military troops to Afghanistan to find Osama bin Laden, opened a War in Iraq in 2003 due to dubious evidence that Saddam Hussein played a role in the 9/11 attack, and launched Operation Iraqi Freedom to topple Hussein's regime and install a U.S.-friendly government.
Following the refusal of the Taliban government to hand over Osama bin Laden, what three major steps did President Bush implement?