The Blueprint (DNA Structure)
100: This term describes the "twisted ladder" shape of the DNA molecule.
double helix
100: This is the ability of a DNA molecule to make an exact copy of itself.
Replication
100: Messenger RNA carries genetic information from the chromosomes to this cell organelle.
ribosome
100: This is a change in the base sequence of a DNA molecule.
Mutation
100: This is the process of creating an organism with genetic material identical to the one it was copied from.
Cloning
200: This building block of DNA consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base.
Nucleotide
200: This specific molecule carries genetic instructions from the nucleus to the rest of the cell.
mRNA
200: These are the individual units that link together to form a polypeptide chain or protein.
Amino acids
200: This specific type of mutation occurs when one base replaces another in the sequence.
Substitution
200: Of the following, this is the only one that could NOT be cloned: a dog, a rock, or a bacterium.
Rock
300: If a DNA sample is found to be 30% Adenine, this is the percentage of the sample that is Cytosine.
20%
300: This process is used to produce an mRNA strand from a section of DNA.
Transcription
300: This is the number of nucleotides that make up the genetic code for a single amino acid.
3
300: While mutations can cause cancer or genetic disorders, they cannot directly cause this.
Injury
300: This term describes a plant or seed that has had its genes modified by direct human manipulation.
Genetically Engineered
400: Alice isolated a molecule containing Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, and Thymine. This is the molecule she found.
DNA
400: The sequence of nucleotides on an mRNA molecule is determined by the sequence of this original molecule.
DNA Template
400: This is the term for a specific segment of DNA that codes for a sequence of amino acids.
Gene
400: If a CAUUUG sequence mutated to CACUUG, this is how the amino acid sequence would be affected.
Unchanged
400: Modifying the DNA of these plants to resist insects or disease is a common example of genetic engineering.
corn (or soybean) plants
500: This is the complementary DNA strand for the sequence C-T-T-A-G-G-C-T-T-A-C-C-A.
G-A-A-T-C-C-G-A-A-T-G-G-T
500: This is the mRNA sequence that would be transcribed from the DNA template ATGCCTAGGAC.
UACGGAUCCUG
500: These are the five steps of protein synthesis in the correct order.
(1) DNA serves as a template, (2) RNA moves to cytoplasm, (3) mRNA attaches to ribosome, (4) tRNA bonds to codon, (5) Amino acids bonded
500: If 30% of a sample is Adenine, this is the percentage of the sample that is Guanine.
20%
500: This is a potential benefit to society from producing disease-resistant orange trees.
greater availability of oranges as a food source