Vocabulary
The substance being changed in a chemical reaction is the ___________
Reactant
In a balanced equation, the total mass of the reactants must equal the total mass of the products, according to the _________.
Law of Conservation of Mass
2Na + Cl2 → 2NaCl is an example of which type of reaction?
Synthesis
All of the following factors may speed up a chemical reaction except:
A. Smaller surface area
B. Higher temperature
C. Higher pressure
D. Presence of a catalyst
A. Smaller surface area
A + B → AB represents the general formula for which type of reaction?
Synthesis
In an _______ reaction energy is absorbed as heat from the surroundings.
Endothermic
Balance:
H2O → H2 + O2
2H2O → 2H2 + O2
This type of reaction will result when something is burned.
Combustion
A glow stick gives off light when bent and activated. This is an example of an _____ reaction.
Exergonic
When two aqueous substances react they can form an insoluble compound called a __________
Precipitate
This speeds up a reaction by lowering the activation energy
catalyst
Balance:
Pb(OH)2 + HCl → H2O + PbCl2
Pb(OH)2 + 2HCl → 2H2O + PbCl2
The process of digestion, or the breakdown of the food you eat, is most likely which type of reaction?
Decomposition
When calcium chloride is reacted with water, the beaker feels warm. This is an example of an ________ reaction.
Exothermic
In a combustion reaction, _______ must be present for the reactant to burn.
O2
In a chemical reaction, ________ are changed to balance the reaction.
coefficients
Balance:
C3H8 + O2 → CO2 + H2O
C3H8 + 5O2 → 3CO2 + 4H2O
2K + 2H2O → H2 + 2KOH is an example of which type of reaction?
Single
Why does an increase in temperature increase the rate of a reaction?
Increasing temperature increases kinetic energy of the particles, therefore they collide more.
Balance and classify:
KI + Br2 → KBr + I2
2KI + Br2 → 2KBr + I2
Single replacement
Define aqueous.
Dissolved in water
Complete and balance this synthesis reaction:
K + Cl2 →
K + Cl2 → 2KCl
This type of reaction can result in the formation of a precipitate.
Double
Explain how pressure affects the rate of a reaction. Include what type of substances it specifically affects.
Increasing pressure increases the rate of the reaction in gases because it makes the volume smaller and thus the particles are more packed together and collide more.
Complete and balance this double replacement reaction:
Al(OH)3 + Mg3(PO4)2 →
Al(OH)3 + Mg3(PO4)2 → 2Al(PO4) + 3Mg(OH)2