Anatomy
This structure connects the larynx to the bronchi and keeps airways open with cartilage rings.
What is the trachea?
This muscle contracts and moves downward during inhalation.
What is the diaphgragm?
Tiny air sacs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged.
What are alveoli?
The amount of air moved during normal breathing.
What is tidal volume?
This disorder causes wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness due to airway inflammation.
What is asthma?
These two large tubes branch from the trachea into each lung.
What are bronchi?
During inhalation, lung volume increases and pressure ______.
What is decreases?
Gas exchange occurs through this process where molecules move from high to low concentration.
What is diffusion?
Air remaining in the lungs after the strongest exhale.
What is residual volume?
This infection of the lungs can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi and often produces fever and mucus cough.
What is pneumonia?
These small airways branch from bronchi and lead to alveoli.
What are bronchioles?
The muscles between the ribs that help expand the thoracic cavity.
What are intercostal muscles?
The exchange of gases between the lungs and blood is called this.
What is external respiration?
The total amount of exchangeable air in the lungs.
What is vital capacity?
This disorder involves inflammation of the bronchial tubes and often produces thick mucus.
What is bronchitis?
The region of the throat that directs air toward the lungs and food toward the esophagus.
What is the pharynx?
Pulling the diaphragm downward creates this type of pressure that draws air into the lungs.
What is negative pressure?
The exchange of gases between blood and body tissues.
What is internal respiration?
Factors that influence lung capacity include age, gender, height, and this major lifestyle factor.
What is physical fitness or smoking?
This disorder involves pauses in breathing during sleep and is often treated with a CPAP machine.
What is sleep apnea?
This structure prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing.
What is the epiglottis?
This brain structure regulates breathing by monitoring CO₂ levels.
What is the medulla oblongata?
Oxygen enters the blood from the alveoli through these tiny blood vessels.
What are capillaries?
Normal quiet breathing moves approximately this amount of air.
What is about 500 mL?
This disease causes lung tissue scarring, making lungs stiff and harder to expand.
What is pulmonary fibrosis?