Inferencing
Read the sentence.
Although everyone else complained about the long practice, Tiana completed every drill without giving up.
Which trait best describes Tiana?
A. Patient
B. Determined
C. Curious
D. Generous
B. Determined
This paragraph is from Joanna’s history paper. Read the paragraph and look for
corrections Joanna needs to make. Then answer the questions that follow.
(1) The use of steel transformed cities during the 1800s. (2) A sudden supply of steel led to the construction of many skyscrapers, bridges, and railroad tracks. (3) This rise in cities steel supplies would not have occurred without the work of Henry Bessemer. (4) Bessemer discovered a new way to make this strong, but lightweight, building material. (5) Before Bessemer’s invention, steel was costly to make, so most businesses rely upon iron. (6) Also, Bessemer built a machine that made it possible to make steel more easily and quickly. (7) This way of makingsteel permanently changed the appearance of large cities such as pittsburgh. (8) Steel was such an excellent building material. (9) Tall buildings and sturdy bridges could be constructed, and railroad tracks could connect distant places.
What change should be made in sentence 3?
A Change rise to raise
B Change cities to cities’
C Insert a comma after supplies
D Change would not have occurred to will not have occurred
B Change cities to cities’
Congratulations!!!
You’ve gained 100 points.
Congratulations!!!
You’ve gained 100 points.
At Brookside Middle School, students maintain a small vegetable garden. In science, they study how sunlight affects plant growth. In math, they calculate the space between seedlings. During writing lessons, they record observations and explain changes in the plants. The garden gives students opportunities to practice skills from several subjects.
Which sentence best expresses the controlling idea of the paragraph?
A. Growing vegetables requires students to measure carefully.
B. Students enjoy lessons outside more than lessons inside.
C. A school garden helps students apply learning across different subjects.
D. Recording observations helps students become better writers.
C. A school garden helps students apply learning across different subjects.
Read the paragraph.
Isaac glanced at the answer written on his partner’s paper. He quickly looked away, covered his own work, and continued solving the problem by himself.
What do Isaac’s actions reveal about his character?
A. He values honesty even when cheating would be easy.
B. He worries that his partner will copy his answers.
C. He believes that working with others is unfair.
D. He is confident that his answer is correct.
A. He values honesty even when cheating would be easy.
(1) The use of steel transformed cities during the 1800s. (2) A sudden supply of steel led to the construction of many skyscrapers, bridges, and railroad tracks. (3) This rise in cities steel supplies would not have occurred without the work of Henry Bessemer. (4) Bessemer discovered a new way to make this strong, but lightweight, building material. (5) Before Bessemer’s invention, steel was costly to make, so most businesses rely upon iron. (6) Also, Bessemer built a machine that made it possible to make steel more easily and quickly. (7) This way of makingsteel permanently changed the appearance of large cities such as pittsburgh. (8) Steel was such an excellent building material. (9) Tall buildings and sturdy bridges could be constructed, and railroad tracks could connect distant places.
What change should be made in sentence 5?
F Change Bessemer’s to Bessemers
G Change invention to invension
H Change rely to relied
J Change iron to Iron
H Change rely to relied
At Westbrook Middle School, students can borrow more than books from the library. A new collection includes items such as calculators, drawing tools, and board games. Students check out these materials using their library cards and return them within one week. The collection allows students to use supplies they may not have at home.
What is the author’s primary purpose for writing this paragraph?
A. To persuade students to donate supplies to their school library
B. To explain how a library program gives students access to useful materials
C. To compare the benefits of borrowing materials with buying them
D. To describe the challenges of managing a school library
B. To explain how a library program gives students access to useful materials
A student is writing an informational essay with these supporting details:
Students can use a library’s internet connection to complete assignments.
Job seekers can receive help preparing applications.
Community members can attend free classes to learn new skills.
Which sentence would best state the controlling idea of the essay?
A. Public libraries provide resources that meet a variety of community needs.
B. Public libraries are useful places for students who need to finish homework.
C. Communities should build larger libraries to attract more visitors.
D. People visit public libraries because they enjoy reading different types of books.
A. Public libraries provide resources that meet a variety of community needs.
Maya wanted to join the school robotics team, but she had never built a robot before. During her first meeting, her robot would not move. Instead of quitting, Maya asked her teammates for advice and practiced after school. By the end of the month, she had designed a robot that successfully completed the team’s obstacle course.
Which statement best combines the details from the passage to express a new understanding about Maya?
A. Maya enjoys staying after school with her friends.
B. Building a robot is easier when students work alone.
C. Maya’s determination and willingness to seek help allowed her to succeed.
D. The robotics team required Maya to complete an obstacle course.
C. Maya’s determination and willingness to seek help allowed her to succeed.
Read the paragraph.
When the coach announced that Maya would not start in the championship game, Maya forced a smile and congratulated her replacement. Later, she stayed after practice to help the player improve her passing.
What can the reader infer about Maya’s motivation?
A. She wants the coach to feel guilty about the decision.
B. She hopes her teammate will refuse to play in the game.
C. She cares more about the team’s success than her disappointment.
D. She wants to prove that she should become the team’s coach.
C. She cares more about the team’s success than her disappointment.
(1) The use of steel transformed cities during the 1800s. (2) A sudden supply of steel led to the construction of many skyscrapers, bridges, and railroad tracks. (3) This rise in cities steel supplies would not have occurred without the work of Henry Bessemer. (4) Bessemer discovered a new way to make this strong, but lightweight, building material. (5) Before Bessemer’s invention, steel was costly to make, so most businesses rely upon iron. (6) Also, Bessemer built a machine that made it possible to make steel more easily and quickly. (7) This way of makingsteel permanently changed the appearance of large cities such as pittsburgh. (8) Steel was such an excellent building material. (9) Tall buildings and sturdy bridges could be constructed, and railroad tracks could connect distant places.
What change should be made in sentence 7?
A Change permanently to perminently
B Change changed to changes
C Change large to largest
D Change pittsburgh to Pittsburgh
D Change pittsburgh to Pittsburgh
The student council proposed creating a quiet lunch area for students who find the cafeteria overwhelming. Some students questioned whether anyone would use it. During a two-week trial, however, every available seat in the quiet area filled each day. Several students reported that they returned to class feeling calmer and more prepared to learn. The school should make this option permanent.
Why does the author include the detail that every seat filled during the trial?
A. To explain why the school needs to shorten its lunch periods
B. To suggest that students prefer eating alone to spending time with friends
C. To show that the school’s cafeteria does not have enough seating
D. To support the recommendation by demonstrating demand for the quiet area
D. To support the recommendation by demonstrating demand for the quiet area
When a town began restoring a stream, volunteers first removed trash from its banks. However, cleanup alone did not prevent soil from washing into the water. Volunteers planted native grasses to hold the soil in place. They also worked with nearby businesses to keep waste out of storm drains. Over time, the water became clearer, and small fish returned. The improvements depended on addressing several sources of damage.
Which sentence best expresses the controlling idea of the passage?
A. Native grasses help keep soil from washing into a stream.
B. Businesses near waterways are responsible for most water pollution.
C. The return of fish is the most important result of restoring a stream.
D. Restoring a damaged stream requires several efforts that address different problems.
D. Restoring a damaged stream requires several efforts that address different problems.
Read the paragraph.
At first, Julian avoided sharing his inventions because he feared that others would laugh at his mistakes. After one of his designs failed during the science fair, his classmates helped him rebuild it. When the new design succeeded, Julian immediately began sketching another idea and invited his classmates to join him.
How do Julian’s interactions with his classmates contribute to his development?
A. Their assistance helps him recognize that failure and collaboration can lead to growth.
B. Their criticism causes him to become more careful when designing inventions.
C. Their success convinces him that his own ideas are not valuable.
D. Their encouragement motivates him to compete against them in future contests.
A. Their assistance helps him recognize that failure and collaboration can lead to growth.
(1) I recently joined the Middletown Youth Orchestra. (2) When my friends heard the news, they encouraged me to play a sport or participate in the school play instead. (3) They think that playing the violin is boring but I disagree. (4) You will meet kids with the same interests and goals as you if you join an orchestra. (5) Friendships form as you rehearse together and push each other to do you’re best. (6) This support is important when learning to play challenging music written by famous composers such as Beethoven. (7) All of the effort you invest. (8) In developing your skills is worth it when you perform on stage before an appreciative crowd. (9) Finally, you get to demonstrate what you’ve learned and enjoy success!
What change, if any, should be made in sentence 3?
F Change violin to Violin
G Insert a comma after boring
H Change disagree to disagreeing
J No change is needed.
G Insert a comma after boring
When our class began recording interviews with longtime neighborhood residents, I expected a collection of dates and names. Instead, Mrs. Alvarez described the grocery store where neighbors once left bags of food for families who needed them. Mr. Chen recalled helping rebuild a playground after a storm. Neither event appeared in the town’s history book. Before the project, I thought history belonged to famous people. Now, whenever I pass an older neighbor, I wonder what chapter I have not heard.
What is the author’s most likely purpose for describing the change in the narrator’s thinking?
A. To encourage readers to recognize ordinary people’s experiences as valuable parts of history
B. To convince readers that personal memories are more accurate than written historical records
C. To explain why neighborhood residents disagree about important events from the past
D. To suggest that studying local history is more useful than studying national history
A. To encourage readers to recognize ordinary people’s experiences as valuable parts of history
A student’s essay begins with this controlling idea:
Digital museum collections make it easier for people to view historical objects.
The essay develops these points:
Online collections allow people to examine objects without traveling.
Enlarged images reveal small details that visitors might miss behind display cases.
Digital records preserve information about fragile objects.
However, images cannot fully communicate an object’s actual size, texture, or presence.
Which revision best expresses a controlling idea that accounts for all the essay’s points?
A. Digital museum collections are most useful to people who live too far away to visit museums.
B. Digital museum collections expand access to historical objects and preserve information, although they cannot fully replace seeing objects in person.
C. Museums should replace traditional exhibits with digital collections because online images reveal more details.
D. Although digital museum collections are convenient, their limitations make them less useful than traditional exhibits.
B. Digital museum collections expand access to historical objects and preserve information, although they cannot fully replace seeing objects in person.
A severe storm knocked down trees throughout the town. Some residents cleared branches from the roads, while others delivered food and water to families without electricity. Within two days, the roads reopened, and every family had the supplies they needed.
Which idea is developed by combining the details throughout the passage?
A. Storms usually cause trees to fall.
B. Residents should remain inside after a storm.
C. Food and water are important during emergencies.
D. A community can recover more quickly when people work together.
D. A community can recover more quickly when people work together.
Congratulations!!!
You can steal 200 points from any team of your choosing!
Congratulations!!!
You can steal 200 points from any team of your choosing!
(1) I recently joined the Middletown Youth Orchestra. (2) When my friends heard the news, they encouraged me to play a sport or participate in the school play instead. (3) They think that playing the violin is boring but I disagree. (4) You will meet kids with the same interests and goals as you if you join an orchestra. (5) Friendships form as you rehearse together and push each other to do you’re best. (6) This support is important when learning to play challenging music written by famous composers such as Beethoven. (7) All of the effort you invest. (8) In developing your skills is worth it when you perform on stage before an appreciative crowd. (9) Finally, you get to demonstrate what you’ve learned and enjoy success!
What change should be made in sentence 5?
A Change Friendships to Freindships
B Change as to until
C Change rehearse to will rehearse
D Change you’re to your
D Change you’re to your
Supporters of the proposed community repair center imagine tables where volunteers help neighbors mend torn jackets, repair lamps, and restore bicycles. They argue that repairing belongings can reduce waste while teaching useful skills.
Critics raise reasonable questions. Who will pay for tools? How will volunteers handle items that are unsafe to repair? These concerns deserve answers. Yet they are reasons to design the program carefully, rather than abandon it. A small monthly event with trained volunteers and clear limits could reveal what the community actually needs before a permanent center opens.
A repair center will not prevent every broken object from reaching a landfill. It could, however, help residents reconsider whether “broken” must always mean “replace.”
How does the author’s discussion of the program’s limitations support the overall purpose of the passage?
A. By emphasizing the costs, the author encourages readers to replace the proposed center with a recycling program.
B. By describing competing opinions, the author provides information without favoring a decision about the center.
C. By acknowledging concerns and suggesting a limited trial, the author makes support for the center more convincing.
D. By admitting that some objects cannot be repaired, the author shows that reducing waste is an unrealistic goal.
C. By acknowledging concerns and suggesting a limited trial, the author makes support for the center more convincing.
Read the information about a student’s essay.
Title: “When a School Starts Later”
Paragraph 1: A school moves its start time later to give students more opportunity to sleep.
Paragraph 2: After the change, teachers report that students are more alert, and fewer students arrive late.
Paragraph 3: The new schedule creates challenges for bus routes, sports practices, and families’ childcare arrangements.
Paragraph 4: The school works with families and staff to adjust transportation and after-school programs.
Which sentence would provide the most effective controlling idea for this essay?
A. Later school start times improve students’ alertness, making classroom performance the main consideration when changing schedules.
B. Changing school start times affects transportation and childcare, making the change primarily a scheduling problem.
C. Later school start times can support students’ readiness to learn, but successful implementation requires addressing effects beyond the classroom.
D. Changing school start times creates benefits and challenges that schools can resolve by adjusting their bus schedules.
C. Later school start times can support students’ readiness to learn, but successful implementation requires addressing effects beyond the classroom.