B3
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100
List the Three(3) types of geological hazards
Earthquakes, Tsunamis, Volcanoes
100
Who proposed the theory of continental drift?
Alfred Wegener
100
How old is the Earth believed to be?
4.6 billion years old
100
What is a fossil?
preserved evidence of once living organisms
100
If an earthquake happens in the ocean, what can occur as a result?
tsunami
200
Which type of rock is formed by heat and pressure
metamorphic rocks
200
What causes tectonic plates to move?
Convection currents
200
What era did humans appear in?
What era did dinosaurs appear in?
Which era was the longest?
cenozoic
mesozoic
precambrian
200
Where do convection currents occur for plate movement?
in the mantle
200
What is geological time scale?
A record of Earth's biological and geological events
300
Describe how hotspots form
magma pushes through oceanic crust to create underwater volcanoes
300
What happens at mid ocean ridges?
new crust is formed
300
Which layer is the intrusive layer?
Layer R
300
Describe what causes a violent volcanic eruption vs a non violent volcanic eruption
Violent - viscous magma
Non violent - low viscosity magma
300
Which type of rock forms from weathering, erosion, compaction, and cementation?
sedimentary rocks
400
What makes the Ring of Fire so geologically active?
Lots of subduction zones (volcanic activity and Earthquakes)
400
Describe the two pieces of evidence that Wegener used for his theory and WHY his theory was not accepted
Fossil evidence - fossils of same species found on different continents
Shape of the continents - fit together like puzzle pieces
Was not accepted because he couldn't explain how the continents moved
400
Describe the law of superposition
in undisturbed rock layers, the younger layers are near the top/surface and older rocks are near the bottom/further down in the groud
400
The Indian plate is still colliding with the Eurasian plate which is causing Mount Everest to grow. What type of plate boundary is this?
Convergent
400
Base isolation allows the foundation of a building to move and keep the rest of the building intact. When would base isolation be a benefit?
during an earthquake
500
Explain what makes the rock cycle a cycle
all rocks on Earth are continuously changing to new forms
-no rocks created out of thin air/destroyed into thin air
500
Explain WHY there is no crust that is older than 200 million years?
crust is constantly being recycled at subduction zones/melted down.
500
What does fossil record help scientists do
help explain the events and their order in the geological timeline.
500
Why are most geological hazards occurring near plate boundaries?
plates are constantly on the move - when they move , stress is released causing earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis
500
The further away you go from a mid ocean ridge, the rocks will get...
older