Vocab #1
What is STIMULUS?
A detectable change in the environment. For example, Light, Sound, Touch, Chemical etc.
What is a GENE?
A chemical code that contains the instructions to build proteins.
What is DNA?
The chemical building block that makes up genes.
Where are genes found?
In chromosomes
Which chromosome is found in both genders?
X chromosome
What are AMINO ACIDS?
The 20 different building blocks which make up all proteins in the body.
What are CHROMOSOMES?
Threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes and are found in the nucleus.
What is a "strand" of DNA?
a long molecule composed of connected nucleotide
How are genes and chromosomes related?
Genes are found in the in chromosomes
What is the connection between chromosomes and nucleus?
Chromosomes are found in the nucleus
What are RECEPTOR PROTEINS?
Molecules attached to our cells that can sense a stimulus and start a signal that can travel to the brain.
What is NUCLEUS?
Organelle in cells that contains the genes.
What determinants a persons DNA?
They inherit them from both there parents.
How many chromosomes do we get from each parent?
Half (23)
How many chromosomes do we have?
46
What are OPSINS?
Light sensitive receptor proteins found in cone cells that send signals to the brain to translate.
What is an ALLELE?
Different versions of the same gene.
True or False?
DNA determinants a persons traits
True!
How do genes affect the structure of our proteins?
Combination gives instruction on how they are built
Which chromosome is ONLY found in males?
Y chromosome
What are PROTEINS?
A molecule made up of a chain of amino acids that performs tasks like sensing stimuli, signaling cells, causing chemical reactions, and regulating our bodies.
What is GENETIC CODE?
A set of instructions that describes what amino acids to string together in a specific order to make a given protein.
Can 2 peoples DNA be the same?
Yes! Only for identical twins
Where do we get our genes from?
From our Parents
How do they chose what chromosomes we get?
Its chosen at random