CV
What are the four chambers of the heart?
Left atrium, left ventricle, right atrium, right ventricle
A bundle of muscle fibers can be found in a
Fascicle
What did aldosterone do specifically?
Increased sodium reabsorption by increasing Na/K pumps!
What do the prefixes normo- hypo- and hyper- mean?
Normo- normal range
Hypo- below normal
Hyper- above normal
What characteristic of tendons lead to force production at a super microscopic level leading to joint movement of the body?
They tendon connects to all the different connective tissue levels of the muscle so force is generated from the sarcomere all the way to the outside muscle
Pulmonary circuit- supplied by right side of heart, blood vessel from heart to lung and back
Systemic- supplied by left side of the hear, vessels to tissues and back
Name 4 specific parts of a muscle fiber
SR, myofibrils, mitochondria, t tubules, sarcolemma, sarcoplasm, actin, myosin
What happens during sodium reabsorption? Like, what happens to BP? and why?
Why do we say muscles pull they never push?
Because during muscle contraction the muscle shortens regardless of the movement being performed
What's my fathers name?
Vern H Reed III
What are the 3 main parts of the EKG that I told you to know? And what is happening at each spot
P wave- atrial contraction
QRS complex- ventricular contraction
T wave- ventricular repolarization
Name the functions of these 3:
M-line-
Z-line-
Titin-
M-line- holds myosin to middle of sarcomere
Z-line- holds actin to ends of sarcomere
Titin- gives muscle elasticity, connects myosin to z line
The PNS is more activated and the SNS is less activated leading to reaction of the urethral sphincters to relax.
Which way does the Na/K pump pump Na and potassium?
Pumps Na out and K in!
What's my mother's name?
Cindee Reed
What does the term autorhymicity mean to you? Follow up question but do not want to give it away. Another follow up too
The heart can generate its own beat.
100bpm.
Parasympathetic nervous system.
What happens when calcium binds to troponin?
Binding of calcium to troponin causes troponin to move tropomyosin which exposes the myosin binding sites on actin.
What are the for main basic renal exchange processes? Where are molecules moving at each point?
Filtration- blood to kidney, cleaning
Reabsorption- kidney back to blood, retrieving
Secretion- blood to kidney, molecules too big for absorption
Excretion- kidney to bladder. get rid of!
What did Angiotensin II do lol?
Caused vasoconstriction and the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex
How many pounds of bacteria do we find in our gut?
2-5 pounds!
What is the equation for ejection fraction? What EF would indicate possible heart failure?
SV/EDV
<40%
haha board question. Go ahead and draw out/describe the crossbridge cycle
good to know for exam probs
Creatinine is not reabsorbed after filtration. So, its clearance is a strong indirect indicator of how well the kidney is filtering. Other molecules like sodium can be reabsorbed so their levels in the blood would not reflect their filtration rate.
What did Atrial Natriuretic Peptide do and why?
ANP is released when blood volume is too high. This is sensed by the stretch of the atrial wall and ANP goes to the kidney to decrease NA reabsorption so that more water gets excreted
What is the name of the transported that moves sodium and glucose and is used by gatorade and some other sport beverage companies?
SGLT 2!
Sodium glucose linked transporter 2