Lewis & Worldviews
a worldview that says that miracles are impossible
naturalism
Homer and Hesiod were writing in the _th century BC
8
Anaximenes believed the fundamental stuff to be
air
The City-State on the Peloponnesian Peninsula famous for its militaristic culture
a worldview that says that God exists outside of space and time
supernaturalism
true or false: Mythological worldviews tend to appeal to reason and logic
false; imagination and emotion
The Milesian Cosmologists are the earliest example of the _______ ______
Ionian School
Xenophanes' insistence on their being one God influenced which group of philosophers?
the Eleatics
The type of government Athens had during the golden age
Democracy
aesthetics
how do mythological views of the gods differ from Christian views of God?
polytheism vs monotheism, in the world vs beyond the world (Creator/creature distinction)
Thales believed the fundamental stuff to be
Water
False; he was an early proponent of atheism
"The only framework in which man could fully realize his intellectual, moral, and spiritual capacities"
The Polis or City State
what is the study of ultimate reality?
metaphysics
What is the Apeiron?
The Infinite or Boundless, basic stuff acc. to Anaximander
This philosopher believed that there was one supreme God
Xenophanes
The Period of Classical Greek history between the Persian Wars and the Peloponnesian War
Golden Age of Athens
what is a truth-claim?
a claim about what is true
in the Theogony, who gives law to mankind?
Zeus
Who believed earthquakes were caused by massive waves?
Thales
Leucippus and Democritus
The Leader of Athens during the Golden Age
Pericles
Marxism is an example of a what?
worldview
Theogony
Anaximenes
Leucippus and Democritus believed that all that existed were ______ and the ______ in which they moved
atoms; void
The King of Macedon who led the Greeks to conquer the Persian Empire from 336-323 BC
Alexander the Great
what are the three key features of a worldview?
- Makes truth-claims about true and false, right and wrong, etc.;
- consists of an interplay of related ideas and beliefs;
- influences or determines how we interpret the world around us.
Iliad
Who are the three Milesian Cosmologists
the Eleatics
The two warring parties of the Peloponnesian War
Delian League and Peloponnesian League
what is a worldview?
A worldview is a set of related assumptions (axioms) and beliefs through which individuals interpret the world around them.
two of the four key features of the mythological worldview
Attempt to explain “worldview questions” - the origin of the universe, humans, nature, society, right and wrong, etc.
Feature a wide cast of gods, goddesses, monsters, and other mythical creatures;
Typically appeal more to emotions, imagination, etc. than to reason;
Expressed via language, art, poetry, rituals, ceremonies, social organization, etc.
Name two of the four key features of the Ionian School
Sought to use reason, rather than emotions or imagination, to understand the world around them;
Sought explanations within natural processes rather than in the gods;
Wanted to understand the underlying principles of the universe;
Believed that theories should be grounded in evidence and defended logically.
True or False: Milessus was famous for critiquing religion as a human invention
False: Critias was famous for critiquing religion as human invention
The Period of Classical Greek History following the Peloponnesian War
Spartan Hegemony
the five branches of philosophy
Epistemology, metaphysics, logic, ethics, aesthetics
Two of the Four Key Features of the Mythological Worldview
Attempt to explain “worldview questions” - the origin of the universe, humans, nature, society, right and wrong, etc.
Feature a wide cast of gods, goddesses, monsters, and other mythical creatures;
Typically appeal more to emotions, imagination, etc. than to reason;
Expressed via language, art, poetry, rituals, ceremonies, social organization, etc.
Where is Ionia?
Western coast of Anatolia/Asia Minor (modern Turkey)
This student of Socrates ruled Athens as one of the Thirty Tyrants after the Peloponnesian War
Critias
The period of classical Greek history following the Spartan Hegemony
Theban Hegemony
who said that "The history of human thought presents us with a range of ideas, of systems, of worldviews. Some are elegant and religious, others crude and banal. Some are deep and beautiful, others hard and ugly. Some expand your view, lift you up, satisfy the heart, and make life appear different; others are like sticks of dynamite that possess the power to damage and destroy everything in their path. Some are poetic, intuitive, thoughtful; others are based on a mass of arguments, crawling forward, as it were, from one conclusion to another… And so human thought developed, sliding from worldview to worldview.”
J.H. Bavinck
what is the name of the Norse world tree?
Yggdrasil
The Milesian Cosmologists were from what city in Ionia?
Miletus
Parmenides, Zeno, Milessus
The philosopher who lived in a barrel on the streets of Sinope
Diogenes