What is software?
Software is a collection of programs, procedures, and related data that instruct a computer system on how to perform specific tasks. It acts as the intangible component of a computer, enabling hardware to function and deliver useful outputs.
1. This type of enterprise software integrates all departments and functions of a company into a single system.
2. Salesforce is a widely used example of this enterprise software type, which helps manage customer interactions and relationships.
3. Software that manages the flow of goods, information, and finances from supplier to customer is known as ______.
1.ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) software?
2. CRM (Customer Relationship Management) software
3. Supply Chain Management (SCM) software
What are the uses of mobile application?
Uses:
Communication: Messaging, video calls, and emails (e.g., WhatsApp, Gmail).
Social Media & Networking: Connecting with friends and communities (e.g., Facebook, Instagram).
Entertainment: Streaming music, videos, and games (e.g., Spotify, YouTube, PUBG Mobile).
Education & Learning: Language learning, online courses, and tutorials (e.g., Duolingo, Khan Academy).
What is Software License?
A software license is a legal agreement that defines how software can be used, distributed, or modified. Legal use ensures compliance with copyright laws and vendor terms.
What are the characteristics of Software? (5 points)
Intangibility – Software cannot be physically touched, unlike hardware.
Flexibility – Can be modified or updated without changing the physical components.
Reliability – Should consistently perform tasks correctly under specified conditions.
Complexity – Often intricate, consisting of many interdependent modules or functions.
Portability – Can be run on different hardware platforms with minimal modification.
Define Customer Relationship Management (CRM) software.
Explain at least Three advantages of using CRM and give one real-world example of how an organization uses CRM to improve its operations.
CRM (Customer Relationship Management) software helps businesses manage and analyze interactions with current and potential customers to improve relationships and drive sales.
Advantages:
Enhances customer service by tracking interactions and preferences.
Improves sales and marketing efficiency with targeted campaigns.
Provides data-driven insights for better business decisions.
Example:
Amazon uses CRM to recommend products based on customer purchase history and browsing behavior, increasing sales and customer satisfaction.
What are the importance of social media platforms?
Social media platforms are online tools that allow users to create, share, and interact with content, connecting individuals, communities, and businesses globally.
Examples: Facebook, Instagram, Twitter/X, LinkedIn, TikTok
Why is it important to use software legally and what is the risk of using pirated software?
Legal use avoids fines and penalties, ensures access to updates and support, and promotes ethical practices.
Risks include legal action, malware infections, lack of updates, and data security breaches.
What is utility software and a device driver with eg.
What is utility software?
Software that performs maintenance and optimization tasks for a computer, e.g., antivirus, disk cleanup.
What is a device driver?
A program that allows the operating system to communicate with hardware devices, e.g., printer driver, graphics card driver.
Define Supply Chain Management (SCM) software.
Explain at least three advantages of using SCM and give one real-world example of how an organization uses SCM to improve its operations.
SCM software helps businesses manage and optimize the flow of goods, information, and finances across the entire supply chain—from suppliers to customers.
Advantages:
Improves inventory management by tracking stock levels in real-time.
Enhances coordination among suppliers, manufacturers, and distributors.
Reduces operational costs through optimized logistics and resource planning.
Example:
Walmart uses SCM software to track inventory and coordinate with suppliers, ensuring products are stocked efficiently and delivered on time, reducing costs and improving customer satisfaction.
Define Web Based Software Applications and Mobile Applications with eg.
Web-Based Software Applications
Programs accessed via a web browser, running on a server, without local installation.
Examples: Gmail, Google Docs, Trello, Salesforce, Canva
2. Mobile Applications
Software designed for smartphones/tablets, installed from app stores, may work offline.
Examples: WhatsApp, Instagram, Spotify, Google Maps, Duolingo
What are the different types of Software Licenses with eg?
Proprietary License: Software owned by a company; users must purchase a license (e.g., Microsoft Office).
Freeware: Free to use, but source code is usually closed (e.g., Adobe Acrobat Reader).
Shareware: Free trial with limited features; payment required for full access (e.g., WinRAR).
Open Source: Free to use, modify, and distribute; source code available (e.g., Linux, Apache).
Define Off-the-Shelf and Unique (Custom) Software with example.
Compare off-the-shelf software and unique software in terms of cost, customization, and maintenance.
Off-the-Shelf Software: Ready-made software for general use.
Example: Microsoft Office.
Unique (Custom) Software: Tailor-made software for specific needs.
Example: Hospital Management System.
| Feature | Off-the-Shelf | Unique (Custom) |
|---|---|---|
| Cost | Low | High |
| Customization | Limited | Full |
| Maintenance | Vendor-supported | Developer-required |
Define Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) software.
Explain at least three advantages of using ERP and give one real-world example of how an organization uses ERP to improve its operations.
ERP software integrates core business processes—such as finance, HR, manufacturing, and supply chain—into a single system to streamline operations and improve efficiency.
Advantages:
Provides centralized data for better decision-making.
Improves process efficiency by automating workflows across departments.
Enhances collaboration and reduces data duplication.
Example:
SAP ERP is used by Toyota to integrate manufacturing, inventory, and sales data, improving production planning, reducing costs, and ensuring timely delivery of vehicles.
If you want, I can also create a concise comparison table of CRM, SCM, and ERP highlighting definition, purpose, and key advantages for quick study.
Defination and different type of e commerce with eg.
E-commerce (electronic commerce) is the buying and selling of goods and services over the internet, including online transactions, payments, and delivery of products or services.
Types of E-Commerce:
B2C (Business to Consumer): Businesses sell directly to consumers.
Example: Amazon, Flipkart
B2B (Business to Business): Transactions between businesses.
Example: Alibaba, IndiaMART
C2C (Consumer to Consumer): Consumers sell to other consumers.
Example: eBay, OLX
C2B (Consumer to Business): Individuals sell products or services to businesses.
Example: Stock photo websites, freelance platforms like Upwork
B2G (Business to Government): Businesses provide goods/services to government entities.
Example: Government procurement portals
G2C (Government to Consumer): Government provides services directly to citizens online.
Example: Online tax filing portals, passport services
Importance of choosing the Right Software for Business.
Increases Efficiency: Automates tasks and reduces manual work.
Enhances Decision-Making: Provides accurate data and analytics.
Cost Savings: Reduces errors, resource wastage, and operational costs.
Improves Customer Service: Enables faster responses and better service management.
Supports Growth & Scalability: Can adapt as the business expands.
Os and its functions
An Operating System (OS) is system software that acts as an intermediary between computer hardware and the user. It manages hardware resources, provides a user interface, and allows application programs to run efficiently.
Functions of OS
Process Management – Manages execution of processes, multitasking, and CPU scheduling.
Memory Management – Allocates and monitors RAM usage for applications and system processes.
File Management – Organizes, stores, and retrieves data in files and directories.
Device Management – Controls input/output devices like printers, keyboards, and storage drives.
Security & Access Control – Protects data and resources from unauthorized access.
User Interface – Provides command-line interface (CLI) or graphical user interface (GUI).
Networking – Facilitates communication between computers over networks.
Give atleast 5 differences between CRM and ERP on the basis of
Purpose
Focus Area
Main Users
Data Handled
Goal
| Feature | CRM (Customer Relationship Management) | ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) |
|---|---|---|
| Purpose | Manages interactions with customers | Integrates core business processes across the organization |
| Focus Area | Sales, marketing, and customer service | Finance, HR, supply chain, manufacturing, and operations |
| Main Users | Sales and marketing teams | All departments, including operations and management |
| Data Handled | Customer-related data (contacts, leads, support) | Organizational data (inventory, finance, HR, procurement) |
| Goal | Improve customer relationships and retention | Improve overall efficiency and resource management |
Defination of mobile applications and their features based on OS.
Mobile Applications
Definition:
Mobile applications (apps) are software programs designed to run on smartphones or tablets, installed via app stores, and may function online or offline depending on their design.
Android Applications
Customization: Highly customizable interface and settings.
Java: Traditional language for Android app development.
App Availability: Large number of apps on Google Play Store.
Hardware Integration: Supports a wide range of devices and sensors.
Multitasking: Better support for background tasks.
Open Source Flexibility: Easier development and modification.
2. iOS Applications
Smooth Performance: Optimized for Apple devices, faster and stable.
Security: Strong security features and strict app review process.
User Interface Consistency: Uniform design and intuitive navigation.
App Quality: High-quality apps due to strict guidelines.
Regular Updates: Seamless OS updates across devices.
How to choose the right software?
1.Understand basic needs.
•Identify main points (Problems)
•Define objectives
•Analyze current processes
•Consider future growth
2.Key factors to consider
•Functionality
•User friendliness
•Integration capabilities
•Cost
•Support and training
•Security
•Deployment options
•Scalability
3.Evaluation process
4.Implementation consideration