a membrane factory that specializes in the synthesis and transport of the protein and lipid components of most of the cell's organelles. The folded membranes of this structure may be rough or smooth.
What is the Endoplasmic Reticulum?
100
Cells communicate with each other to maintain this stable internal environment.
What is homeostasis?
100
occurs naturally through any semipermeable barrier. Does not require life. Requires no energy by the cell.
What is passive transport?
100
movement of water "down" a concentration gradient - from a region of higher water concentration to a region of lower water concentration.
What is Osmosis?
200
Cell such as bacteria, cyanobacteria, and rickettsiae. These cells contain no organelles, and their nuclear material is not encased by a nuclear membrane.
What are Prokaryotes?
200
A network of membranes located near the nucleus. Many molecules pass through this "refining plant" at some point in their maturation.
What is the Golgi Complex?
200
all the chemical tasks of maintaining essential cellular functions.
What is Cellular metabolism?
200
large molecules are moved into the cell by these mechanisms and requires life, biologic activity, and expends energy by the cell.
What is active transport?
200
involves integral or transmembrane proteins with receptors having a high degree of specificity for the substance being transported.
What is Mediated transport?
300
Movement, conductivity, metabolic absorption, secretion, excretion, respiration, reproduction, and communication.
What are the eight chief cellular functions?
300
saclike structures that originate from the Golgi complex. They contain more than 40 digestive enzymes and are necessary for normal digestion of cellular nutrients, debris, and potentially harmful substances. Abnormalities of these structures are involved in a number of conditions that involve cellular injury and death.
What are Lysosomes?
300
Energy-using process of metabolism.
What is anabolism?
300
body fluids which are electrically charged and dissociate into IONS when placed in solution. Examples are sodium, chloride, potassium, calcium and magnesium.
What are electrolytes?
300
a cellular internalizing process where a section of the plasma membrane enfolds substances from outside the cell, forming a vesicle that moves into the inside of the cell.
What is Endocytosis?
400
a small dense structure composed largely of RNA, Most of the cellular DNA and the histones that regulate activity.
What is the nucleolus?
400
organelles found in large numbers in most cells, responsible for cellular respiration and energy production.
What are Mitochondria?
400
Energy releasing process of metabolism.
What is catabolism?
400
movement of a solute molecule from an area of greater concentration to lesser concentration.
What is Diffusion?
400
large molecular substances are engulfed by the plasma membrane and enter the cell so that they can be isolated and destroyed by lysosomal enzymes.
What is Phagocytosis?
500
RNA protein complexes that are synthesized in the nucleolus and secreted into the cytoplasm through pores in the nuclear envelope. Their chief function is to provide sites for cellular protein sythesis.
What are ribosomes?
500
Enzymes that cause the breakdown of proteins.
What are Proteases?
500
this occurs in the mitochondria and is the mechanism by which the energy produced is transferred to ATP.
What is Oxidative Phosphorylation?
500
movement of water and solutes through a membrane because of greater pushing pressure (force) on one side of the membrane than on the other side.
What is filtration?
500
Cells with the potential to develop into many different cell types.