Exploration & Colonization
European explorers often pursued these three goals: spreading Christianity, gaining wealth, and increasing national power.
What are the 3 G's
(God, Gold, and Glory)
Founded in 1607, this became the first permanent English settlement in North America.
What is Jamestown?
This war increased Britain's debt and contributed to Parliament's decision to tax the American colonies.
What is the French and Indian War?
This term described colonists who supported independence from Great Britain.
Who were Patriots?
Adopted in 1776, this document announced and justified the colonies' decision to separate from Great Britain.
What is the Declaration of Independence?
This economic system encouraged European nations to use colonies as sources of raw materials and markets for manufactured goods.
What is mercantilism?
New England, Middle, and Southern are the three major examples of these.
What are the colonial regions?
This British law angered colonists by placing a tax on newspapers, legal documents, and other printed materials.
What is the Stamp Act?
This author used Common Sense to persuade ordinary colonists that independence from Britain was necessary.
Who was Thomas Paine?
Cornwallis's surrender at this battle effectively ended major fighting in the American Revolution.
What is the Battle of Yorktown?
This European nation established missions throughout the Southwest to spread Christianity and strengthen its control.
What is Spain?
Fertile soil, a warm climate, cash crops, plantations, and reliance on enslaved labor were most closely associated with this colonial region.
What are the Southern Colonies?
Colonists used this phrase to express their belief that Parliament should not tax them when they had no elected representatives there.
What is “No taxation without representation”?
These two battles are remembered as the opening military conflicts of the American Revolution.
What are Lexington and Concord?
Signed in 1783, this agreement officially ended the American Revolution and recognized American independence.
What is the Treaty of Paris?
Unlike Spanish colonization, French colonization relied heavily on this economic activity and cooperation with Native peoples.
What is the fur trade?
This Virginia institution allowed colonists to elect representatives and became an early example of representative government.
What is the House of Burgesses?
Colonists carried out this protest in response to British policies by dumping tea into Boston Harbor.
What is the Boston Tea Party?
This American victory became a major turning point because it helped convince France to openly support the United States.
What is the Battle of Saratoga?
The inability to tax, regulate trade effectively, or enforce national laws were major weaknesses of this first U.S. system of government.
What are the Articles of Confederation?
French settlements developed along the Mississippi River and other waterways primarily because rivers provided these two advantages.
What are transportation and access to trade?
The Mayflower Compact and House of Burgesses both provide evidence that this political idea was developing in the English colonies.
What is self-government/representative government?
These laws were Britain's punishment for the Boston Tea Party, but instead of ending resistance, they helped increase colonial unity against Britain.
What are the Intolerable Acts?
Troops, money, weapons, supplies, and naval assistance are examples of the support this nation provided to help the Americans defeat Britain.
What is France?
This uprising of Massachusetts farmers demonstrated the weakness of the national government and increased calls for a stronger government.
What is Shays’ Rebellion?