The Gilded Age
When was the Gilded Age? (start and end)
Post Civil War / Late 1800s to early 1900s
What was the location in New York where immigrants entered into the United States during the Gilded Age?
Ellis Island
Who was the King of Oil?
John D. Rockefeller
What is the 19th amendment?
Gave women the right to vote
What are two examples of Jim Crow laws that were discussed in class?
Poll Taxes
Literacy Tests
Grandfather Clauses
Jim Crow laws were passed by southern states to limit the rights of African Americans after Reconstruction.
Where did the "new wave of immigration" come from?
East and Southern Europe
Who was the King of Steel?
Andrew Carnegie
Who are the two journalists that we discussed when talking about Muckraking Journalism?
Upton Sinclair and Jacob Riis
Describe the outcome of the Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court Case.
Separate but Equal is Constitutional
Describe the Chinese Exclusion Act.
Those of Chinese descent were accused of taking jobs in populated areas
Causing the Chinese Exclusion Act
Banned California Businesses from hiring Chinese
Banned Chinese from becoming citizens
Define Muckraking Journalism.
Sought to expose injustices through journalism and encouraged government intervention to assist.
What is J.P. Morgan known for?
Banking or Finance
What are the three goals of the Progressive Era?
Government controlled by the people
Guaranteed economic opportunities through government regulation
Elimination of social injustices
What are the three aspects of life that Woodrow Wilson considered the "Triple Wall of Privilege"
Banks, Tariffs, and Trusts
What does the term "gilded" mean? Why do Historians refer to America during this time as Gilded?
Covered in gold / looks good on the outside, but rotten underneath
High poverty levels, tenement housing, but super rich industrial leaders
Explain working conditions during the Gilded Age with two examples
Laborers (including women too) were forced to work long hours for low pay in dangerous conditions.
Child labor will increase.
Workers in many industries will attempt to gain influence through forming labor unions.
What is the difference between a Captain of Industry and a Robber Baron?
Many viewed their wealth, power, and domination over industries through their monopolies as bad (Robber Barons)
Others saw them as innovative entrepreneurs helping to improve and modernize the US while making the US globally competitive (Captains of Industry)
Which President was given the nickname "Trustbuster"? What did he do?
Teddy Roosevelt attacked monopolies by using the power of the Sherman Antitrust Act earning him the nickname “Trustbuster”
Describe TWO of the three CIVIL RIGHTS ACTIVISTS we discussed this unit.
Ida B. Wells
Booker T. Washington
W.E.B. DuBois
Explain TWO differences between "new immigrants" and "old immigrants"
Old Immigrants: Prior to 1870, traveled from North and Western Europe
New Immigrants: After 1870, traveled from South and Eastern Europe
Explain the Laissez-faire economic policy
Federal government was “hands off” with regulating industries encouraging new levels of growth, and new business practices being developed.
What was Cornelius Vanderbilt known for?
Provide twp examples of Social reform during the Progressive Era.
18th Amendment - prohibition of alcohol
Various welfare organizations established
Salvation Army
Conservation efforts and National Parks established (Roosevelt & Taft)
Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act
Consumer health protections in food and medicine (Roosevelt)
Define two of the three terms in connection to Unit 6:
Recall, Initiative, Referendum
Referendum
Citizens approve or reject laws passed
Recall
Voters can remove elected officials
Initiative
Citizens put proposed new law on ballot