States of Matter
What are the three states of matter?
Solids, Liquids, and Gasses
What is melting?
A solid changing into a liquid
What is thermal energy?
Total energy of the particles in a substance (heat)
What is kinetic energy?
The energy of motion
What happens to ice when thermal energy is added?
It melts into liquid water
Which state of matter has a definite shape and definite volume?
Solid
What is freezing?
A liquid changing into a solid
What happens to thermal energy when a substance is heated?
It increases
Which has more kinetic energy: a moving particle or a particle at rest?
A moving particle
What happens to water when thermal energy is removed enough?
It freezes into ice
Which state of matter has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container?
Liquid
What is evaporation?
Liquid changing into a gas
What is the transfer of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler object called?
Heat
What happens to particle motion when temperature increases?
Particles move faster
What phase changes occurs when water vapor forms droplets on a cold surface?
Condensation
How do gas particles move compared to solid particles?
They move more freely and are farther apart
What is condensation?
Gas changing into a liquid
When two objects have different temperatures, which direction does thermal energy transfer?
From the warmer object to the cooler object
Which has greater average kinetic energy: Particles in warm water or cold water
Particles in warm water
Why does a puddle disappear on a warm day?
Liquid water evaporates into water vapor
Why does a gas fill the entire container it is placed in?
It's particles move freely in all directions and spread out.
What is sublimation?
A solid changing into a gas
A metal spoon is placed in hot soup. Explain why the spoon gets warmer.
Thermal energy transfers from the hot soup to the cooler spoon
How are temperature and average kinetic energy related?
Temperature measures the average kinetic energy of particles
During boiling, what happens to the particles as energy is added?
They gain energy and move faster as the liquid changes into a gas